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  • Chapter 12 - Iatromechanism and Antiquarianism in Morgagni’s Studies on Celsus, 1720–1761

  • from Part III - Towards the Mechanization of the Human Body
  • Edited by Maria Gerolemou, Center for Hellenic Studies, Washington, George Kazantzidis, University of Patras, Greece
  • Book:
    Body and Machine in Classical Antiquity
    Published online:
    13 July 2023
    Print publication:
    27 July 2023, pp 296-317

  • Summary

    Giovanni Baptista Morgagni (1682–1771), Professor of Anatomy at Padua, produced the most important studies in the eighteenth century on the De Medicina of the Roman encyclopediast A. Cornelius Celsus.  Morgagni’s intensive reading of Celsus combined his own medical experience with philological emendation.  Morgagni contextualized Celsus’ text within a theoretical framework of an empirically ordered transhistorical investigation of the structure, function, and pathology of the human body.  Here ancient and modern disciplinary authorities engaged with the same evidence available to the senses.  Morgagni’s argument in part contrasted Celsus’ humoralist evidence that bladder stones originate in the substance of the urine with Friedrich Hoffmann’s (1660–1742) argument that bladder stones originate in the iatromechanist action of the kidneys.  Morgagni’s emendations continue to mark our own contemporary editions of Celsus’ Latin text.