This chapter provides an overview of the recent theoretical, methodological and analytical trends in multimodal research, specifically focusing on how different approaches (e.g. critical discourse analysis, conversation analysis, social semiotics, systemic functional linguistics and interaction analysis) have addressed the complex problems arising from studying the integration of language with other resources, such as images, gesture, movement, space and so forth. In doing so, the chapter discusses how traditional divisions in discourse studies have become somewhat blurred, given the evident need to account for resources other than language and the meaning that arises as choices combine in texts, interactions and events. The chapter also explores how various digital approaches have been developed to handle the multidimensional complexity of multimodal analysis, in particular for the analysis of dynamic media such as videos. This discussion includes the development of mixed methods approaches, purpose-built software, automated techniques and the latest trends in big data approaches to multimodal analysis.