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6 - Orthoses, splints and casts
- By Paul T. Charlton, Senior Orthotist J. C. Peacock & Son, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK, Duncan W. N. Ferguson, Senior Orthotist J. C. Peacock & Son, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Edited by Michael P. Barnes, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Garth R. Johnson, University of Newcastle upon Tyne
Book:

Upper Motor Neurone Syndrome and Spasticity

Published online:

22 August 2009

Print publication:

24 April 2008, pp 113-130
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Summary

Orthoses can be highly effective tools in the management of spasticity. By splinting in a position of maximum function with a rigid device even if the spasticity can not be inhibited then the abnormal movement caused by it may be prevented. A good understanding of biomechanics and materials is essential to appreciate fully the forces involved and their influence on the design of orthoses. There are several advantages of the use of casting versus providing a definitive orthoses, such as cost and availability. A system has been developed whereby orthoses are classified and named by reference to the parts of the body over which they pass. For example, an orthosis around the ankle is called an ankle-foot orthosis (AFO) and a full leg calliper is termed a knee-ankle-foot orthosis (KAFO). This classification is useful but does not describe the function, construction or aim of the orthosis.