1. Introduction. Active MTC (Marine Traffic Control), in its various forms, is at present mainly confined to port areas and canals and their approaches, whereas all other areas are mainly subject to passive MTC measures; that is, the Collision Regulations, including traffic separation schemes, areas to be avoided by certain classes of vessels, deep water routes, etc. The Collision Regulations, however, despite many attempts to improve them, are fundamentally flawed by specious logic sanctioned, unfortunately, by legislation which is supported in turn by the well-meaning connivance of the courts. This paper highlights some of the insoluble problems of the Collision Regulations and looks at the planning of ocean passages, weather routeing, search and rescue, and fishery protection; and shows that there is already a measure of active MTC in these areas of activity. The future possibility of a comprehensive global active MTC system to deal with avoidance of collisions and strandings, in addition to those other activities, is considered with respect to technical feasibility and to social and political impediments.

The history of the first 10 years of the Channel Navigation Information Service (CNIS) from its inception in 1972 has been well-documented in Captain Richard Emden's three papers published in the Journal of the Royal Institute of Navigation. While the purpose of this paper is to discuss the period of consolidation following these first 10 years, it is perhaps appropriate to set out briefly the factors leading up to the introduction of CNIS in the Dover Strait, the operating philosophy and some of the major milestones along the way.