For scholars thinking about the function and meaning of whiteness today, reading the works of Edith Wharton offers ways both to make visible the cultural history and influences that have led to current damaging white behaviors and to formulate strategies for rewriting whiteness. Her fiction and non-fiction delineate the behaviors and attitudes – articulated as the arbitrary codes of taste, form, and tact – of upper-class life that have trickled “down” to and have been adopted by middle-class readers and currently linger in white American consciousness as signs of the good, the right, and the normal, devaluing some non-white customs as alien and other, hiding racism within classism and perpetuating the damage of binary thinking. At the same time, Wharton’s criticism of American society and her richly allusive literary style offer ways in which today’s readers can learn to critique both her works and, more broadly, white history and culture. In particular, her late novel The Children (1928), with its attention to manners and education against the backdrop of global blackness, offers useful strategies for readers invested in re-thinking whiteness as a positive identity that values history and collectivity.

This essay addresses the role of Greece in Edith Wharton’s representation of home as a topos of strong human and cultural bonds. While Wharton saw France as the epitome of this ideal, she found in Greece its most symbolic expression, one that she identified in The Odyssey and later developed into a narrative of cultural wandering and triumphant return. The essay examines Homeric-inspired tropes of wandering and return in The House of Mirth (1905) and The Children (1928), as well as non-fictional works, such as Wharton’s diary of the 1888 Vanadis cruise. Using archival resources, including Wharton’s undated poem “Penelope” and her impressions from the 1926 visit to Greece on the steam yacht Osprey, I argue that Wharton conceptualized Greece not only as the ancient cradle of Western civilization but also as a paradigm of cultural recovery and the antidote to modern forms of alienation and drift.