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Chapter 3 - Totality
Arash Abazari
Book:

Hegel's Ontology of Power

Published online:

10 July 2020

Print publication:

30 July 2020, pp 77-111
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Summary

Chapter 3 is devoted to explaining the most fundamental category of domination in capitalism: “totality.” According to Adorno, the ubiquity of the exchange of commodities makes society in capitalism a totality. Individuals, on pain of perishing, must necessarily follow the logic of exchange. The totality, therefore, effectively functions as a “spell” from which nobody can flee. Turning to the logic of essence, I then reconstruct the dialectical development of the category of totality. Hegel first conceives of totality as an “actuality” that, like an organism, has the ability to maintain and reproduce itself across different circumstances. The most determinate form of actuality for Hegel is “substance.” Although individuals as “accidents” constitute substance, they remain subject to the “absolute power” of substance. It seems to individuals that they have power over each other, yet the power of individuals is an objective illusion. In fact, it is the totality of substance that makes one individual powerful and the other powerless.

Dhāraṇīs and visions in early esoteric Buddhist sources in Chinese translation
Koichi Shinohara
Journal:

Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies / Volume 77 / Issue 1 / February 2014

Published online by Cambridge University Press:

15 May 2014, pp. 85-103

Print publication:

February 2014
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Within the wider esoteric Buddhist tradition, this paper examines visions and soteriological goals in dhāraṇī practice by looking at the early instructions that are preserved in multiple Chinese translations. A number of different but not mutually exclusive ritual scenarios are presented in these materials. Here I will focus on two specific scenarios, namely dhāraṇī practices with and without visionary confirmation.

Two dhāraṇī prints in the Stein Collection at the British Museum 1
Gergely Hidas
Journal:

Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies / Volume 77 / Issue 1 / February 2014

Published online by Cambridge University Press:

15 May 2014, pp. 105-117

Print publication:

February 2014
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This paper examines two tenth-century woodblock prints from Dunhuang acquired by Sir Aurel Stein. They are registered under the numbers Ch.00151 and Ch.00152 at the British Museum. The first, Ch.00151, is dedicated to Avalokiteśvara and the second, Ch.00152, to Amitābha, both with magical formulas written in Siddham characters in square or circular fashion around the central image of the respective deity. Editions, translations and identifications of the texts are presented along with a study of the Chinese inscriptions on the side of the xylographs. It is shown that these two objects were apparently produced to serve as amulets.