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Objective. –

In a modified case–control association study we tested the assumption that two polymorphisms (A118G in exon 1 and IVS2+31 in intron 2) of the human μ-opioid receptor gene (OPRM1) confer susceptibility to opioid dependence.

Methods. –

In contrast to classical case–control studies both groups, opioid dependent cases and non-opioid dependent controls were recruited from individuals who have had access to drugs including opioids and who had been sentenced for violation of the “Dangerous Drugs Act” in Germany.

Results. –

For the two allelic variants of OPRM1 under study we did not find evidence for association with opioid dependence.

Conclusions. –

Despite absence of association we think that this recruitment approach introduced here, is useful since it putatively offers a more adequate matching for case–control association studies of opioid dependent individuals.

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Introducing a new recruitment approach to sample collection for genetic association studies in opioid dependence

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Introducing a new recruitment approach to sample collection for genetic association studies in opioid dependence