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1 results

  • 16 - Muslim Spain and Portugal: Al-Andalus and its Neighbours

  • Edited by David Luscombe, University of Sheffield, Jonathan Riley-Smith, University of Cambridge
  • Book:
    The New Cambridge Medieval History
    Published online:
    28 March 2008
    Print publication:
    14 October 2004, pp 599-622

  • Summary

    The frontiers of al-Andalus were free from major outside threats: to the north the Christian kingdoms and counties had been repeatedly raided and their armed forces worsted in battle, culminating in the humiliating sack of Santiago de Compostela in 999. The removal of the Fatimids from Tunisia to Egypt in 969 meant that there was no threat to al-Andalus from the Muslim east. With the collapse of the caliphate, al-Andalus broke up into a number of different states, each with its own court and capital. By 1083, the Almoravids had reached the Straits of Gibraltar and were in undisputed control of Morocco. By 1148, only Granada and the Balearic islands remained under Almoravid control: Granada fell to the Almohads in 1155, but the Balearic islands remained in the hands of the Almoravid Banu Ghaniya and the base for repeated raids on Almohad North Africa.