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3 results

  • 6 - Effective Communication

  • from Part II
  • Carol Leather, Independent Dyslexia Consultants, John Everatt, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
  • Book:
    Succeeding and Adult Dyslexia
    Published online:
    11 January 2024
    Print publication:
    01 February 2024, pp 168-189

  • Summary

    Chapter 6 focuses on effective communication, particularly in the workplace. This is an increasingly essential skill for many jobs, and at all stages of employment, from interviews to promotions to day-to-day task performance. Chapter 5 looked at the problems experienced by dyslexic people at the word and text level. This chapter focusses more on how those underlying difficulties might present themselves in wider contexts, both written and spoken, in the workplace. This can include producing documents, taking notes, attending meetings, undertaking training, following instructions and working with colleagues in different contexts that may require multi-tasking. The chapter, therefore, explores reading, writing and proofreading at work, making notes and taking minutes, listening and speaking at work – including meetings, presentations and interviews. As well as specific strategies for these tasks, it presents an overarching metacognitive strategy, the 4 M’s, as a possible solution to some of the challenges often associated with dyslexia.

  • Branching Condition of the Color-Word Interference Test Enhances Prediction of Meta-Tasking in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

  • Natalie E. Kurniadi, Yana Suchy, Madison Amelia Niermeyer
  • Journal:
    Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society / Volume 27 / Issue 10 / November 2021
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    26 February 2021, pp. 1004-1014
  • Objectives:

    Meta-tasking (MT) is an aspect of executive functioning (EF) that involves the ability to branch (i.e., to apply “if-then” rules) and to effectively interleave sub-goals of one task with sub-goals of another task. As such, MT is crucial for successful planning, coordination, and execution of multiple complex tasks in daily life. Traditional tests of EF fail to adequately measure MT. This study examined whether Condition 4 of the Color-Word Interference Test (CWIT-4; the inhibition/switching condition that requires branching) predicted MT beyond Condition 3 (CWIT-3; inhibition-only condition) and beyond other subtests from the Delis–Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS) that have a switching condition.

    Method:

    Ninety-eight non-Hispanic white community-dwelling older adults completed the first four subtests of the D-KEFS and an ecologically valid measure of MT.

    Results:

    Time to completion and total errors on CWIT-4 accounted for variance in MT above and beyond CWIT-3 and beyond the switching conditions of other D-KEFS subtests. Results remained virtually unchanged when controlling for demographics and general cognitive status.

    Conclusions:

    Among older adults, CWIT-4 is more strongly associated with MT than other D-KFES tasks. Future research should examine whether CWIT-4 relates to lapses in instrumental activities of daily living among older adults above and beyond other EF tests.

  • Use of Virtual Reality Tasks to Assess Prospective Memory: Applicability and Evidence

  • Robert G. Knight, Nickolai Titov
  • Journal:
    Brain Impairment / Volume 10 / Issue 1 / 01 May 2009
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    21 February 2012, pp. 3-13

  • Virtual reality (VR) is a term used to describe computer-generated virtual environments that the patient can explore and interact with in real time. In this review, the use of VR to construct ecologically valid tasks for use in neuropsychological assessment and rehabilitation is discussed with particular reference to the measurement of prospective memory (PM) abilities. PM, the ability to act upon delayed intentions, is an example of an everyday ability requiring the coordination of a different cognitive processes that is ideally suited to research and rehabilitation using VR. Studies investigating PM and related abilities in patients with brain impairments are surveyed, and it is established that there is evidence for the utility of applying VR procedures to measure prospective remembering. Future research could usefully focus on the construction of a standardised testing procedure with credible psychometric characteristics. In particular, there needs to be evidence for the criterion validity of such tests. Another potential research avenue is the evaluation of VR platforms as tools to teach memory skills and awareness of impairments. It is concluded that difficulties in adapting programs to specific clinical needs, technical issues, and the reluctance of many clinicians to use computer-based technology need to be overcome before VR is likely to be widely used to measure PM.