Sharp electrodes were used to record light-evoked
postsynaptic potentials (PSPs) from neurons in turtle visual
cortex in an in vitro preparation of the geniculocortical
pathway. Neurons were placed into four groups based on
the firing patterns produced by intracellular current injections:
regular spiking (RS), fast spiking (FS), intrinsic bursting
(IB), and chattering (CH) cells. RS cells have been shown
to be pyramidal cells while FS cells are typically interneurons.
Light stimuli were diffuse, 1-s flashes of 640-nm light
with intensities (I) varying from 0 to 104
photons μm−2 s−1.
The response (R) in each case was the maximal
amplitude of the light-evoked depolarizing PSP. Cells of
all four types showed sigmoidal intensity–response
(IR) functions with a linear rising phase for
stimuli above the intensity threshold followed by saturation
at high light intensities. Responses at high intensities
were variable and some cells showed indications of supersaturation.
Light-evoked PSPs had longer latencies and times-to-peak
response in RS cells than they did in FS cells. RS cells
fired action potentials as much as 200 ms later than did
FS cells. Since responses recorded in RS cells at light
intensities just above threshold are unlikely to involve
contributions from other pyramidal cells, these data indicate
that the geniculocortical or feedforward pathway to pyramidal
cells has a high gain. The fact that FS cells fire well
before RS cells suggests that feedforward inhibition plays
a role in controlling the gain of the geniculocortical
pathway.