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17 - Complex Scalar Field and Electric Current: Gauging a Global Symmetry
from Part I - General Properties of Fields; Scalars and Gauge Fields
Horaƫiu Năstase, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo
Book:

Classical Field Theory

Published online:

04 March 2019

Print publication:

14 March 2019, pp 158-164
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Summary

We study complex scalar fields and their couplings. A complex scalar with a global U(1) invariance has an electric current and associated charge, and we can “gauge” this symmetry, i.e., make it local. The procedure for making it local is the Noether procedure, and it amounts to making derivatives covariant with respect to a gauge field (minimal coupling to the gauge field), plus adding more terms.

The electric currents from viscosity in differentially moved plasma
Zhiliang Yang, Hongbin Wang
Journal:

Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union / Volume 4 / Issue S252 / April 2008

Published online by Cambridge University Press:

01 April 2008, pp. 125-126

Print publication:

April 2008
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From the two-fluid plasma theory, we derived a kind of current in differentially moved plasma. The current is from the different viscosities between electrons and ions. The higher temperature and lighter mass of the electrons make the viscosity of electrons much stronger than ions. In this way, the electrons will have smaller velocity than ions in the differentially moved layer and contribute a net current in the plasma. The value of the current depends on the temperature and density of electrons in the plasma and the differential velocity ∇2v.

Primary Analysis on the Temporal Behaviors of Electric Current in the Solar Flare Events
Baolin Tan, Haisheng Ji, Guangli Huang
Journal:

Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union / Volume 2 / Issue S233 / March 2006

Published online by Cambridge University Press:

01 November 2006, pp. 118-119

Print publication:

March 2006
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Using one-minute cadence vector magnetograms of BBSO, we analyze the temporal behavior of the derived vertical electric currents associated with two solar flares on July 26, 2002. One is an M1.0 flare occurred in AR10044, while the other is an M8.7 flare in the adjacent AR 10039. We find that the temporal behaviors of electric currents are very different. For the M1.0 flare, the current density drops rapidly near the flaring neutral line; while for the M8.7 flare, the current density rapidly increases.