The China Rural Hypertension Control Project (CRHCP) is a nonphysician-led community-based hypertension intervention program that has demonstrated clear benefits in improving blood pressure (BP) control and reducing the incidence of cardiovascular disease events among hypertensive patients in rural areas of China. However, it is currently unclear whether the benefits of the CRHCP outweigh its costs, and whether promoting this project in China is justifiable from a perspective of healthcare system.

We employed a Markov model to forecast the anticipated 20-year costs and effectiveness of the CRHCP trial. Cost data for this study was gathered from public records or published papers, whereas clinical data was extracted from the CRHCP trial. Our primary outcome measure was the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio, expressed in Chinese Yuan (CNY) per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY), representing the additional cost per additional QALY gained.

Over a span of 20 years, the cost for a rural hypertensive individual in China who received intensive BP intervention by a nonphysician community healthcare provider would amount to 25,129 CNY, yielding an effectiveness of 8.19 QALY. In contrast, if usual care was provided, the cost would be 26,709 CNY with an effectiveness of 7.94 QALY. The CRHCP program demonstrated lower costs and greater effectiveness for rural hypertensive individuals in China.

Our study indicates that the implementation of the CRHCP program among rural hypertensive individuals in China resulted in increased effectiveness and reduced costs. From the perspective of Chinese healthcare system, the CRHCP program proves to be cost-saving within the current healthcare landscape.