Lamproite dykes that cross-cut Middle Jurassic Karoo-related flood basalts in Vestfjella,
Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica, have been dated at 158.7±1.6 Ma by 40Ar/39 Ar incremental heating
of phlogopite. Compared to most lamproites, these dykes are unusually low in SiO2 (40.09–40.18 wt%)
and high in CaO (12.35–16.24 wt%) and P2O5 (3.03–3.81 wt%). They have broad affinities to spatially
and temporally related group II kimberlites of southern Africa, but the geochemically closest correlatives
are CaO- and P2O5-rich diopside madupitic lamproites from Leucite Hills, USA. The
Kjakebeinet lamproites are notably high in incompatible elements, show negative initial εNd values
(−6.0, −6.7) and positive initial εSr values (+14, +17) with TDM model ages of c. 1.1 Ga, and probably
record melting of metasomatized subcontinental lithospheric mantle beneath western Dronning
Maud Land. Their emplacement records the youngest recognized magmatic event in the region, coincides
with the proposed second and final stage of Gondwana breakup between Africa and Antarctica,
and may be associated with deep-seated coast-parallel strike-slip faulting in Dronning Maud Land.
Survival of old, easily fusible lithospheric mantle material 20 Ma after the eruption of voluminous
flood basalt magmas suggests that the latter were emplaced within narrow zones of lithospheric thinning
and that the source of lamproites remained largely intact between these zones.