Over the last decades luminescence dating techniques have been developedthat allow earth scientists to determine the time of deposition ofsediments. In this contribution we review: 1) the development of themethodology; 2) tests of the reliability of luminescence dating onNetherlands’ sediments; and 3) geological applications of the method in theNetherlands. Our review shows that optically stimulated luminescence datingof quartz grains using the single aliquot regenerative dose method yieldsresults in agreement with independent age control for deposits ranging inage from a few years up to 125 ka. Optical dating of quartz has successfullybeen applied to sediments from a wide range of depositional environmentssuch as coastal dunes, cover sands, fluvial channel deposits, colluvialdeposits and fimic soils. These results demonstrate that optical dating is apowerful tool to explore the natural archive of the Netherlands’subsurface.