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36 results

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  • Investigating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on recovery colleges: multi-site qualitative study

  • Merly McPhilbin, Katy Stepanian, Caroline Yeo, Daniel Elton, Danielle Dunnett, Helen Jennings, Holly Hunter-Brown, Jason Grant-Rowles, Julie Cooper, Katherine Barrett, Mirza Hamie, Peter Bates, Rebecca McNaughton, Sarah Trickett, Simon Bishop, Simran Takhi, Stella Lawrence, Yasuhiro Kotera, Daniel Hayes, Larry Davidson, Amy Ronaldson, Tesnime Jebara, Cerdic Hall, Lisa Brophy, Jessica Jepps, Sara Meddings, Claire Henderson, Mike Slade, Vanessa Lawrence
  • Journal:
    BJPsych Open / Volume 10 / Issue 3 / May 2024
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    16 May 2024, e113
    • Article
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      • Open access
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  • Background

    During the COVID-19 pandemic, mental health problems increased as access to mental health services reduced. Recovery colleges are recovery-focused adult education initiatives delivered by people with professional and lived mental health expertise. Designed to be collaborative and inclusive, they were uniquely positioned to support people experiencing mental health problems during the pandemic. There is limited research exploring the lasting impacts of the pandemic on recovery college operation and delivery to students.

    Aims

    To ascertain how the COVID-19 pandemic changed recovery college operation in England.

    Method

    We coproduced a qualitative interview study of recovery college managers across the UK. Academics and co-researchers with lived mental health experience collaborated on conducting interviews and analysing data, using a collaborative thematic framework analysis.

    Results

    Thirty-one managers participated. Five themes were identified: complex organisational relationships, changed ways of working, navigating the rapid transition to digital delivery, responding to isolation and changes to accessibility. Two key pandemic-related changes to recovery college operation were highlighted: their use as accessible services that relieve pressure on mental health services through hybrid face-to-face and digital course delivery, and the development of digitally delivered courses for individuals with mental health needs.

    Conclusions

    The pandemic either led to or accelerated developments in recovery college operation, leading to a positioning of recovery colleges as a preventative service with wider accessibility to people with mental health problems, people under the care of forensic mental health services and mental healthcare staff. These benefits are strengthened by relationships with partner organisations and autonomy from statutory healthcare infrastructures.

  • Chapter 37 - Teaching Global Health Ethics

  • from Section 6 - Shaping the Future
  • Edited by Solomon Benatar, Emeritus Professor of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Gillian Brock, Professor of Philosophy, University of Auckland
  • Book:
    Global Health
    Published online:
    04 February 2021
    Print publication:
    18 February 2021, pp 459-469

  • Summary

    It’s not easy to talk about global health during the Anthropocene in a university classroom in the Global North. It’s confusing and upsetting to grapple with the data on rising chronic disease rates, the impact of climate change on infectious disease, the effects of toxic exposures from industry globally, and the connection between health and people’s access to land, water, and clean air to breathe. Many of the challenges have been summarized in several Lancet Commission reports (e.g., Whitmee et al., 2015). In class, discussion goes something like this: “Is it really that bad? If it is, there must be someone doing something about it. Technology will save us anyway. Moreover, how do we make sure that everyone has enough food to eat and can live healthy lives if we make changes to the system? What makes us, here in the Global North, more worthy of this good life than those in the Global South, where so many of our families come from and many remain? If we can waste less food, eat less meat, throw away less, recycle more, and find technological fixes, we shall be all right.”

  • Reduced-portion entrées in a worksite and restaurant setting: impact on food consumption and waste

  • Sarah Berkowitz, Len Marquart, Elton Mykerezi, Dennis Degeneffe, Marla Reicks
  • Journal:
    Public Health Nutrition / Volume 19 / Issue 16 / November 2016
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    03 June 2016, pp. 3048-3054
    • Article
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      • Open access
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  • Objective

    Large portion sizes in restaurants have been identified as a public health risk. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether customers in two different food-service operator segments (non-commercial worksite cafeteria and commercial upscale restaurant) would select reduced-portion menu items and the impact of selecting reduced-portion menu items on energy and nutrient intakes and plate waste.

    Design

    Consumption and plate waste data were collected for 5 weeks before and 7 weeks after introduction of five reduced-size entrées in a worksite lunch cafeteria and for 3 weeks before and 4 weeks after introduction of five reduced-size dinner entrées in a restaurant setting. Full-size entrées were available throughout the entire study periods.

    Setting

    A worksite cafeteria and a commercial upscale restaurant in a large US Midwestern metropolitan area.

    Subjects

    Adult worksite employees and restaurant patrons.

    Results

    Reduced-size entrées accounted for 5·3–12·8 % and 18·8–31·3 % of total entrées selected in the worksite and restaurant settings, respectively. Food waste, energy intake and intakes of total fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, Na, fibre, Ca, K and Fe were significantly lower when both full- and reduced-size entrées were served in the worksite setting and in the restaurant setting compared with when only full-size entrées were served.

    Conclusions

    A relatively small proportion of reduced-size entrées were selected but still resulted in reductions in overall energy and nutrient intakes. These outcomes could serve as the foundation for future studies to determine strategies to enhance acceptance of reduced-portion menu items in restaurant settings.

  • Cats in the forest: predicting habitat adaptations from humerus morphometry in extant and fossil Felidae (Carnivora)

  • Carlo Meloro, Sarah Elton, Julien Louys, Laura C. Bishop, Peter Ditchfield
  • Journal:
    Paleobiology / Volume 39 / Issue 3 / Summer 2013
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    18 March 2013, pp. 323-344

  • Mammalian carnivores are rarely incorporated in paleoenvironmental reconstructions, largely because of their rarity within the fossil record. However, multivariate statistical modeling can be successfully used to quantify specific anatomical features as environmental predictors. Here we explore morphological variability of the humerus in a closely related group of predators (Felidae) to investigate the relationship between morphometric descriptors and habitat categories. We analyze linear measurements of the humerus in three different morphometric combinations (log-transformed, size-free, and ratio), and explore four distinct ways of categorizing habitat adaptations. Open, Mixed, and Closed categories are defined according to criteria based on traditional descriptions of species, distributions, and biome occupancy. Extensive exploratory work is presented using linear discriminant analyses and several fossils are included to provide paleoecological reconstructions.

    We found no significant differences in the predictive power of distinct morphometric descriptors or habitat criteria, although sample splitting into small and large cat guilds greatly improves the stability of the models. Significant insights emerge for three long-canine cats: Smilodon populator, Paramachairodus orientalis, and Dinofelis sp. from Olduvai Gorge (East Africa). S. populator and P. orientalis are both predicted to have been closed-habitat adapted taxa. The false “sabertooth” Dinofelis sp. from Olduvai Gorge is predicted to be adapted to mixed habitat. The application of felid humerus ecomorphology to the carnivoran record of Olduvai Gorge shows that the older stratigraphic levels (Bed I, 1.99–1.79 Ma) included a broader range of environments than Beds II or V, where there is an abundance of cats adapted to open environments.

Evolving Human Nutrition
  • Implications for Public Health
  • Stanley J. Ulijaszek, Neil Mann, Sarah Elton
  • Published online:
    05 February 2013
    Print publication:
    18 October 2012
  • While most of us live our lives according to the working week, we did not evolve to be bound by industrial schedules, nor did the food we eat. Despite this, we eat the products of industrialization and often suffer as a consequence. This book considers aspects of changing human nutrition from evolutionary and social perspectives. It considers what a 'natural' human diet might be, how it has been shaped across evolutionary time and how we have adapted to changing food availability. The transition from hunter-gatherer and the rise of agriculture through to the industrialisation and globalisation of diet are explored. Far from being adapted to a 'Stone Age' diet, humans can consume a vast range of foodstuffs. However, being able to eat anything does not mean that we should eat everything, and therefore engagement with the evolutionary underpinnings of diet and factors influencing it are key to better public health practice.

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