Evidence suggests that breast-fed babies are less likely to suffer from gastrointestinal infections and other long-term chronic conditions such as obesity and type 1 diabetes mellitus. Mothers who breast-feed also have a reduced risk in later life of some forms of cancer and osteoporosis. The WHO revised guidance on infant feeding suggests exclusive breast-feeding for the first 6 months of an infant's life and sets 6 months as the recommended age for the introduction of solid foods( Footnote 1 ).
The aim of the study was to establish how infants born to Caucasian mothers in Sheffield, UK are being fed and how maternal background characteristics might affect feeding practices as part of an on-going study evaluating the short-term effects of the introduction of ‘Healthy Start’ in pregnant women and women post partum and their newborns in Sheffield. Face-to-face (at 4 weeks post partum) and telephone (at 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 36 and 46 weeks post partum) interviews were conducted with the new mothers using a subject information questionnaire and infant feeding questionnaires appropriately modified for each time point. Completed baseline data (at 4 weeks post partum) were provided by 155 Caucasian women with drop-out rates of 20–65% at each time point.
Mean maternal age was 26 years and mean BMI was 23 kg/m2. Approximately 40% received food support, 69% were not in paid employment and 38% were self-reported smokers. Of the participants 67% intended to breast-feed based on individual influence. The Figure suggests that 60% of the infants were breast-fed initially (babies who were put to the breast, even if it was on one occasion only) and a decrease in the numbers of mothers breast-feeding with time post partum. The results of the regression analysis suggested that breast-feeding initiation was inversely affected by receipt of food benefits, maternal age, educational and smoking status. A comparison of the demographic and behavioural characteristics of mothers who were breast-feeding and formula-feeding also suggested education and income as strong predictors of breast-feeding initiation as well as past infant feeding practices and maternal meal patterns (Table).
Similarly to other studies the results suggest a strong relationship between maternal socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics and infant feeding practices( Footnote 2 , Footnote 3 ).
