The fossils described by Mr. Hudleston, F.R.S., in Part II of this paper, were found by Captain B. E. N. Gurdon, C.I.E., D.S.O., Assistant Political Agent, Chitral, on the right bank of the Chitral river, between Chitral and Mastuj. The spot where they were collected is indicated by a small cross marked on the accompanying sketch-map (Fig. 1), which has been based on the map of the Pamirs compiled under the direction of the Right Hon. G. N. (now Lord) Curzon to illustrate a paper by him published in the Journal of R.G.S. of 1890. My son, Major A. H. McMahon, C.S.I., C.I.E., F.G.S., in company with Captain Gurdon, visited Mastuj in October, 1900.

It has often occurred to me during my Alpine wanderings that masses of earthy material containing boulders are too readily identified as moraines. That the latter exist, both here and in other mountain regions, no one would for a moment dispute, but deposits, sometimes very closely resembling till, may be produced in other ways. One is by a bergfall. The result of this in some cases, as at Goldau, Plurs, near San Vito (Ampezzo road), or the Col de Cheville, can be easily recognized; but when the fallen material consists largely of shale and friable rock, when there is a certain admixture of boulders from a distance (formerly perched blocks), its origin is not so readily determined. The enormous mass of débris on the north bank of the Rheinthal, between Chur and Ilanz—a mass which extends from Digg, through Flims, to rather beyond Laax, consisting of earthy stuff, probably mainly smashed shale or slate, and of boulders, apparently limestone—is regarded as bergfall by the Swiss geologists, and yet any section in it might readily be taken for moraine. Even more moraine-like in general aspect are the singular mounds of débris in the valley of the Rhone near Sierre.

When Dr. Woodward asked me a few months ago to review some pamphlets on early Man and his remains, I very reluctantly promised to do so, because I felt that if I were to be frank and sincere I must speak of some recent developments of the study in unsympathetic terms, which would not be welcome in some quarters. I little expected, however, that I should have been overwhelmed by such a shower of peppercorns as I find on my return from Italy was the case in the September number of the Geological Magazine.

The view expressed in 1882 that the Westleton Beds of Westleton, in Suffolk, form part of the Middle Glacial division of S. V. Wood, jun., was strengthened by observations made at Southwold in 1895, and is supported by sections examined last year near Lowestoft.

Well known as Darjiling is to nearly every stray traveller in India, the solid geology of the district has been left almost (I believe quite) untouched since the publication of Mallet's paper in 1874. There the Darjíling gneiss was described as the metamorphosed representative of the sedimentary Gondwana rocks of the south, and has so remained, albeit under protest, for a disclaiming paragraph appears in the Manual of the Geology of India. In the report of the Committee on the recent landslip at Darjíling it is stated that the rock of the country consists of “a well foliated and banded biotite gneiss with occasional lenses and deformed veins of granitic rock”; moreover, that “the foliation planes are often highly contorted”; and Mallet defines it as true gneiss “passing into mica schist or an intermediate variety.” These descriptions are meagre, and it is hoped that the following notes on specimens collected by the author may not be superfluous.