Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T11:53:11.409Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Residues of the Herbicides MCPA and Bromoxynil in Postemergence-Treated Triticale (× Triticosecale)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Allan J. Cessna
Allan J. Cessna*
Affiliation:
Agric. Canada Res. Stn., Regina, SK, Canada S4P 3A2
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

In a two-year study involving two sites in western Canada, the dissipation of bromoxynil octanoate alone at 0.35 or 0.42 kg phenol equivalent (pe)/ha and the tank mixture of MCPA iso-octyl ester at 0.28 kg ae/ha plus bromoxynil octanoate at 0.28 kg pe/ha was monitored in postemergence-treated triticale. Initial foliar residues on the day after application (three- to four-leaf stage of the crop) were of the order of 14 and 5 mg/kg for MCPA and bromoxynil, respectively. Residues of both herbicides decreased to less than the limit of quantification (0.025 mg/kg) of the analytical method 21 d after application. At crop maturity, herbicide residues were non-detectable in the straw and seed. There was little or no effect on the dissipation of bromoxynil residues due to tank mixing with MCPA.

Keywords

Bromoxynil, 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrileMCPA, (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acidtriticale, X Triticosecale Wittmack ‘Welsh.’Gas chromatographymethylation
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 8 , Issue 3 , September 1994 , pp. 586 - 590
Copyright
Copyright © 1994 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Buckland, J. L., Collins, R. F., and Pullin, E. M. 1973. Metabolism of bromoxynil octanoate in growing wheat. Pestic. Sci. 4:149–162.Google Scholar
2. Cessna, A. J. 1980. Simultaneous extraction and detection of residues of (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid and bromoxynil from wheat. J. Agric. Food Chem. 28:1229–1232.Google Scholar
3. Cessna, A. J. 1990. Residues of the herbicide tri-allate in preplant and preemergence treated triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack) determined by gas chromatography. Pestic. Sci. 28:43–47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4. Cessna, A. J. 1990. The determination of residues of 2,4-D in postemergence-treated triticale. Pestic. Sci. 30:141–147.Google Scholar
5. Cessna, A. J. and Muir, D.C.G. 1991. Photochemical transformations. p. 199–263 in Grover, R. and Cessna, A. J., eds. Environmental Chemistry of Herbicides. Vol. II, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.Google Scholar
6. Cessna, A. J. and Westcott, N. D. 1993. Fate of pesticides applied to cereals under field conditions. p. 59–85 in Altman, J., ed. Pesticide Interactions in Crop Production: Beneficial and Deleterious Effects. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.Google Scholar
7. Chow, C., Montgomery, M. L., and Yu, T. C. 1971. Methodology and analysis for residues of MCP and 2,4,5-T in wheat. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 6:576–580.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
8. Cole, D. J. and Loughman, B. C. 1983. The metabolic fate of (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid in higher plants. II. Metabolism in liquid cultured callus cells of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). J. Exp. Bot. 34:1311–1319.Google Scholar
9. Cole, D. J. and Loughman, B. C. 1983. The metabolic fate of (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid in higher plants. I. General results. J. Exp. Bot. 34:1299–1310.Google Scholar
10. Grover, R., Cessna, A. J., and Kerr, L. A. 1985. Procedure for the determination of 2,4-D and dicamba in inhalation, dermal, hand-wash, and urine samples from spray operators. J. Environ. Sci. Health B20:113–128.Google Scholar
11. Grover, R., Shewchuk, S. R., Cessna, A. J., Smith, A. E., and Hunter, J. H. 1986. Fate of 2,4-D iso-octyl ester after application to a wheat field. J. Environ. Qual. 14:203–210.Google Scholar
12. Grover, R., Smith, A. E., Cessna, A. J., and Shewchuk, S. R. 1994. Fate of bromoxynil butyrate and octanoate applied as a mixture to a wheat field. J. Environ. Qual. (in press).Google Scholar
13. Hatzios, K. K. 1991. Biotransformations of herbicides in higher plants. p. 141–185 in Grover, R. and Cessna, A. J., eds. Environmental Chemistry of Herbicides. Vol. II, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.Google Scholar
14. Holt, N. W. and Hunter, J. H. 1980. Tolerance of triticale to herbicides for broadleaf weed control. p. 79 in Research Report: Expert Committee on Weeds (Western Section). Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada (abstract only).Google Scholar
15. Holt, N. W. and Hunter, J. H. 1980. Tolerance of triticale to herbicides for wild oat control. p. 80 in Research Report: Expert Committee on Weeds (Western Section). Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada (abstract only).Google Scholar
16. Hulse, J. H. and Spurgeon, D. 1974. Triticale. Sci. Am. 231:72–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17. Kochany, J., Choudhry, G. G., and Webster, G.R.B. 1990. Photochemistry of halogenated benzene derivatives. Part IX. Environmental aquatic phototransformation of bromoxynil (3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile). Pestic. Sci. 28:69–81.Google Scholar
18. L⊘kke, H. 1975. Analysis of free and bound chlorophenoxy acids in cereals. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 13:730–736.Google Scholar
19. Morrison, I. N. and Mayert, T.S.H. 1980. Tolerance of triticale to broadleaf weed herbicides. p. 82 in Research Report: Expert Committee on Weeds (Western Section). Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada (abstract only).Google Scholar
20. Morrison, I. N. and Mayert, T.S.H. 1980. Tolerance of triticale to wild oat herbicides. p. 82–83 in Research Report: Expert Committee on Weeds (Western Section). Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada (abstract only).Google Scholar
21. Schafer, D. E. and Chilcote, D. O. 1970. Translocation and degradation of bromoxynil in a resistant and a susceptible species. Weed Sci. 18:729–732.Google Scholar
22. Schaller, B., Schneider, B., and Schutte, H. R. 1992. Metabolism of the herbicide bromoxynil in Hordeum vulgare and Stellaria media . Z. Naturforsch. 47c:126–131.Google Scholar