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Algae Bioassay Detection of Pesticide Mobility in Soils

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Charles S. Helling ,
Donald D. Kaufman  and
Charles T. Dieter
Charles S. Helling
Affiliation:
Plant Sci. Res. Div., Agr. Res. Serv., U. S. Dep. Agr., Beltsville, Maryland 20705
Donald D. Kaufman
Affiliation:
Plant Sci. Res. Div., Agr. Res. Serv., U. S. Dep. Agr., Beltsville, Maryland 20705
Charles T. Dieter
Affiliation:
Plant Sci. Res. Div., Agr. Res. Serv., U. S. Dep. Agr., Beltsville, Maryland 20705
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Abstract

Movement of pesticides on soil thin-layer chromatographic (TLC) plates was detected by a bioassay employing a green alga, Chlorella sorokiniana Shihira and Krauss. After leaching the soil TLC plates with water, a Chlorella suspension in an enriched agar medium was aspirated onto the soil to give ca. 8 × 106 cells/cm2. Plates were incubated at 100% relative humidity at 30 C, with illumination of ca. 40 klux. Zones of pesticide movement were visible within 24 to 48 hr. Mobility in Hagerstown silty clay loam was assessed for two methylcarbamate insecticides and for nine phenylurea, 11 s-triazine, and 13 miscellaneous herbicides. Among analogous triazines, the mobility order was: -OCH3 > -Cl > -SCH3. Movement of 6,7-dihydrodipyrido[1,2-a:2′,1′-c]pyrazinediium ion (diquat) and 1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium ion (paraquat), normally immobile in soils, was directly proportional to rate when applied in high doses.

Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 19 , Issue 6 , November 1971 , pp. 685 - 690
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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