Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-7cvxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T05:21:57.049Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Impact of a terminated wheat cover crop in irrigated corn on atrazine rates and water use efficiency

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Randall S. Currie  and
Norman L. Klocke
Norman L. Klocke
Affiliation:
Kansas State University Southwest Research–Extension Center, Garden City, KS 67846
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

A study was conducted near Garden City, KS with irrigated corn to determine how the integration of a terminated winter wheat cover crop with various atrazine rates would affect Palmer amaranth control and corn water use efficiency (WUE). Without atrazine, the presence of a winter wheat cover crop, killed in the boot stage, resulted in a threefold weed biomass reduction in irrigated corn. The highest rate of atrazine completely masked the weed control effect of the cover crop, producing a greater than 15-fold reduction regardless of the presence or absence of the cover crop. A terminated winter wheat cover crop without atrazine elevated corn yield in only two of nine location-yr, and in one instance, depressed yield. However, a terminated wheat cover crop elevated corn yield in six of nine location-yr combinations when used in conjunction with 1.6 kg ha−1 atrazine. Although increases in WUE associated with reductions in soil water evaporation produced by the cover crop seemed to be responsible for some of the increase in corn grain yield and stored soil water at the end of the summer growing season, end of season Palmer amaranth biomass had a more profound impact.

Keywords

AtrazinePalmer amaranth, Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats., AMAPAcorn, Zea mays L. ‘DK 592SR’winter wheat, Triticum aestivum L. ‘TAM 107’Cover cropsintegrated weed managementreduced herbicide rates
Type
Weed Management
Information
Weed Science , Volume 53 , Issue 5 , October 2005 , pp. 709 - 716
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Ateh, C. M. and Doll, J. D. 1996. Spring-planted winter rye (Secale cereale) as living mulch to control weeds in soybeans (Glycine max). Weed Technol 10:347–353.Google Scholar
Banks, P. A. and Robinson, E. L. 1986. Soil reception and activity of acetochlor, alachlor, and metolachlor as affected by wheat straw and irrigation. Weed Sci 34:607–611.Google Scholar
Ball, D. A. and Miller, S. D. 1989. A comparison of techniques for estimation of arable soil seed banks and their relationships to weed flora. Weed Res 29:365–373.Google Scholar
Barrett, H. W. H. and Skgogerboe, G. V. 1978. Effect of irrigation regime on maize yields. J. Irr. Drainage Div. ASCE 104:(IR2). 179–194.Google Scholar
Buhler, D. D., Mester, T. C., and Kohler, K. A. 1996. The effect of maize residues and tillage on emergence of Setaria faberi, Abutilon theophrasti, Amarathus retroflexus and Chenopodium album . Weed Res 36:153–165.Google Scholar
Burgos, N. R. and Talbert, R. E. 1996. Weed control by spring cover crops and imazethapyr in no-till southern pea (Vigna unguiculata). Weed Technol 10:893–899.Google Scholar
Crutchfield, D. A., Wicks, G. A., and Burnside, O. C. 1986. Effect of winter wheat straw mulch level on weed control. Weed Sci 34:110–114.Google Scholar
Currie, R. S. and Thompson, C. R. 2000. Effects of herbicides and application timing on woollyleaf bursage (Ambrosia grayi). Weed Technol 14:188–190.Google Scholar
Facelli, J. M. and Pickett, S. T. A. 1991. Plant litter: Its dynamics and effects on plant community structure. Bot. Rev 57:1–32.Google Scholar
Ferguson, R. B., Kissel, D. E., Koelliker, J. K., and Basel, W. 1984. Ammonia volatilization from surface-applied urea: effects of hydrogen ion buffering capacity. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J 48:578–582.Google Scholar
Ghadiri, H., Shea, P. J., and Wicks, G. A. 1984. Interception and retention of atrazine by wheat stubble. Weed Sci 32:24–27.Google Scholar
Hartwig, N. L. and Ammon, H. U. 2002. Cover crops and living mulches. Weed Sci 50:688–699.Google Scholar
Isensee, A. R. and Sadeghi, A. M. 1994. Effects of tillage and rainfall on atrazine residue levels in soil. Weed Sci 42:462–467.Google Scholar
Klocke, N. L. 2003. Water savings from crop residue in irrigated corn. Pages 134–142 in Proceedings. Central Plains Irrigation Conference. Colby, KS: Central Plains Irrigation Association.Google Scholar
Klocke, N. L., Heermann, D. F., and Duke, H. R. 1985. Measurement of evaporation and transpiration with lysimeters. Trans. ASAE 28/1:183–189. 192.Google Scholar
Klocke, N. L., Watts, D. G., Schneekloth, J. P., Davison, D. R., Todd, R. W., and Parkhurst, A. M. 1999. Nitrate leaching in irrigated corn and soybeans in a semi-arid climate. Trans. ASAE 42/6:1621–1630.Google Scholar
Kohnke, H. 1968. Soil Physics. New York: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Liebl, R., Simmons, F. W., Wax, L. M., and Stoller, E. W. 1992. Effects of rye (Secale cereale) mulch on weed control and soil moisture in soybean (Glycine max). Weed Technol 6:838–846.Google Scholar
Locke, M. A. and Bryson, C. T. 1997. Herbicide-soil interactions in reduced tillage and plant residue management systems. Weed Sci 45:307–320.Google Scholar
Mallory, E. B., Posner, J. L., and Baldock, J. O. 1998. Performance, economics, and adoption of cover crops in Wisconsin cash grain rotations: on-farm trials. Am. J. Altern. Agric 13:2–11.Google Scholar
Massinga, R. A., Currie, R. S., Horak, M. J., and Boyer, J. 2001. Interference of Palmer amaranth in corn. Weed Sci 49:202–208.Google Scholar
Massinga, R. A., Currie, R. S., and Trooien, T. P. 2003. Water use and light interception under Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) and corn competition. Weed Sci 51:523–531.Google Scholar
Mohler, C. L. and Teasdale, J. R. 1993. Response of weed emergence to rate of Vicia villosa Roth and Secale cereale L. residue. Weed Res 33:487–499.Google Scholar
Nagabhushana, G. G., Worsham, A. D., and Yenish, J. P. 2001. Allelopathic cover crops to reduce herbicide use in sustainable agricultural systems. Allelopathy J 8:133–146.Google Scholar
Penman, H. L. 1948. Natural evaporation from open water, bare soil, and grass. Proc. Royal Soc. London 193:120–146.Google Scholar
Reddy, K. N. 2001. Effects of cereal and legume cover crop residues on weeds, yield, and net return in soybean (Glycine max). Weed Technol 15:660–668.Google Scholar
Reddy, K. N. 2003. Impact of rye cover crop and herbicides on weeds, yield, and net return in narrow row transgenic and conventional soybeans (Glycine max). Weed Technol 17:28–35.Google Scholar
Reddy, K. N., Zablotowicz, R. M., Locke, M. A., and Koger, C. H. 2003. Cover crop, tillage, and herbicide effects on weeds, soil properties, microbial population, and soybean yield. Weed Sci 51:987–994.Google Scholar
Roberts, H. L. 1958. Studies on the seeds of vegetable crops. Initial effects of cropping on weed seeds in the soil. J. Ecol 46:759–768.Google Scholar
Roberts, H. L. 1981. Seed banks in soil. Adv. Applied Biol 6:1–55.Google Scholar
Rogers, D., Fjell, D., and Alam, M. 2002. KanSched-An ET based irrigation scheduling tool. Manhattan, KS: Kansas State University MF 2550. Aug. 2002. 2 p.Google Scholar
Sainju, U. M. and Singh, B. P. 1997. Winter cover crops for sustainable agricultural systems: influence on soil properties, water quality, and crop yields. HortScience 32:21–28.Google Scholar
Stewart, J. I., Misra, R. D., Pruitt, W. O., and Hagan, R. M. 1975. Irrigating corn and grain sorghum with a deficient water supply. Trans. ASAE 18:270–280.Google Scholar
Stone, J. F., Kirkham, D., and Read, A. H. 1955. Soil moisture determination by a portable neutron scattering moisture meter. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc 19:419–423.Google Scholar
Teasdale, J. R. 1996. Contribution of cover crops to weed management in sustainable agricultural systems. J. Prod. Agric 9:475–479.Google Scholar
Teasdale, J. R. 1998. Cover crops, smother plants, and weed management. Pages 247–270 in Hatfield, J. L., Buhler, D. D., and Stewart, B. A. eds. Integrated Weed and Soil Management. Chelsea, MI: Ann Arbor Press.Google Scholar
Teasdale, J. R., Beste, C. E., and Potts, W. E. 1991. Response of weeds to tillage and cover crop residue. Weed Sci 39:195–199.Google Scholar
Teasdale, J. R., Shelton, D. R., Sadeghi, A. M., and Isensee, A. R. 2003. Influence of hairy vetch residue on atrazine and metolachlor soil solution concentration and weed emergence. Weed Sci 51:628–634.Google Scholar
Todd, R. W., Klocke, N. L., Hargert, G. W., and Parkhurst, A. M. 1991. Evaporation from soil influenced by crop shading, crop residue and wetting regime. Trans. ASAE 34:461–466.Google Scholar
Trooien, T. P., Buschman, L. L., Sloderbeck, P., Dhuyvetter, K. C., and Spurgeon, W. E. 1999. Water use efficiency of different maturity corn hybrids and grain sorghum in the Central Great Plains. J. Prod. Agric 12:377–382.Google Scholar
Varco, J. J., Spurlock, S. R., and Sanabria-Garro, O. R. 1999. Profitability and nitrogen rate optimization associated with winter cover management in no-tillage cotton. J. Prod. Agric 12:91–95.Google Scholar
Vidal, R. A. and Bauman, T. T. 1996. Surface wheat residues, giant foxtail and soybean yield. Weed Sci 44:939–943.Google Scholar
Williams, M. W., Mortensen, D. A., and Doran, J. W. 1998. Assessment of weed and crop fitness in cover crop residues for integrated weed management. Weed Sci 46:595–603.Google Scholar
Wilson, R. G., Kerr, E. D., and Nelson, L. A. 1985. Potential for using weed seed content in soil to predict future weed problems. Weed Sci 33:171–175.Google Scholar
Yenish, J. P., Worsham, A. D., and York, A. C. 1996. Cover crops for herbicide replacement in no-tillage corn (Zea mays). Weed Technol 10:815–821.Google Scholar