Hostname: page-component-cc8bf7c57-77pjf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-12T05:49:18.178Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Next generation model atmospheres

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 May 2016

Eugene H. Avrett
Eugene H. Avrett*
Affiliation:
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA [email protected]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Continued progress in the physical interpretation of solar and stellar observations, the increased speed of computing now available, and new highly efficient numerical procedures have all led to significant advances in stellar atmospheric modeling. This review attempts to summarize recent progress in the field and to describe the many interrelated physical processes that should be taken into account in next-generation modeling programs.

Type
Session V: “Next Generation Model Atmospheres”
Information
Symposium - International Astronomical Union , Volume 176: Stellar Surface Structure , 1996 , pp. 503 - 518
Copyright
Copyright © Kluwer 1996 

References

Allard, F., & Hauschildt, P. H. (1995) ApJ 445, 433 Google Scholar
Anderson, L. S. (1989) ApJ 339, 558 Google Scholar
Anderson, L. S. (1990) in Garmany, ed. (1990), 77 Google Scholar
Anderson, L. S. (1991) in Crivellari, et al. eds. (1991), 29 Google Scholar
Anderson, L. S. (1992) in Cool Stars, Stellar Systems, and the Sun, 7th Cambridge Workshop , Giampapa, M. S. & Bookbinder, J. A. eds., A. S. P. Conf. Ser., 26, p. 509 Google Scholar
Anderson, L. S., & Athay, R. G. (1989) ApJ 346, 1010 Google Scholar
Auer, L. H., Fabiani Bendicho, P., & Bueno, Trujillo (1994) A&A 292,599 Google Scholar
Auer, L. H. & Paletou, F. (1994) A&A 285, 675 Google Scholar
Avrett, E. H. (1995) in Infrared Tools for Astrophysics: What's Next? , Kuhn, J. R. & Penn, M. J. eds., World Scientific, Singapore, 303 Google Scholar
Avrett, E. H., Fontenla, J. M., & Loeser, R. (1994) in Infrared Solar Physics , Rabin, D. M., Jefferies, J. T., & Lindsey, C. L. eds., Kluwer, Dordrecht, 35 Google Scholar
Avrett, E. H., Höflich, P., Uitenbroek, H., & Ulmschneider, P. (1995) in Cool Stars, Stellar Systems, and the Sun, 9th Cambridge Workshop , Pallavicini, R. ed., in press Google Scholar
Avrett, E. H., & Loeser, R. (1992) in Cool Stars, Stellar Systems, and the Sun, 7th Cambridge Workshop , Giampapa, M. S. & Bookbinder, J. A. eds., A. S. P. Conf. Ser., 26, 489 Google Scholar
Avrett, E. H., Machado, M. E., & Kurucz, R. L. (1986) in The Lower Atmosphere in Solar Flares , Neidig, D. F. ed., National Solar Observatory, Sunspot, NM, 216 Google Scholar
Ayres, T. R. (1995) in Infrared Tools for Astrophysics: What's Next? , Kuhn, J. R. & Penn, M. J. eds,. World Scientific, Singapore, 289 Google Scholar
Ayres, T. R., & Wiedemann, G. R. (1989) ApJ 338, 1033 Google Scholar
Bastien, T. S., Ewell, M. W. Jr., & Zirin, H. (1993) ApJ 415, 364 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beckman, J. E., & Crivellari, L., eds. (1985) Progress in Stellar Spectral Line Formation Theory , Reidel, Dordrecht Google Scholar
Bell, R. A., Paltoglou, G., & Tripicco, J. (1994) MNRAS 268, 771 Google Scholar
Böhm, K. H. (1961) ApJ 134, 264 Google Scholar
Buchholz, B., Hauschildt, P., Rammacher, W., & Ulmschneider, P. (1994) A&A 285, 987 Google Scholar
Buchholz, B., & Ulmschneider, P. (1994) in Cool Stars, Stellar Systems, and the Sun, 8th Cambridge Workshop , Caillault, J. P., ed., ASP Conference Series, 363 Google Scholar
Carbon, D. F. (1984) in Methods in Radiative Transfer , Kalkofer, W. ed., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 395 Google Scholar
Carlsson, M. (1992) in Cool Stars, Stellar Systems, and the Sun, 7th Cambridge Workshop , Giampapa, M. S. & Bookbinder, J. A. eds., A. S. P. Conf. Ser., 26, 499 Google Scholar
Carlsson, M. ed. (1994) Chromospheric Dynamics , Proceedings of a mini-workshop, Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo, Norway Google Scholar
Carlsson, M, Rutten, R. J., & Shchukina, N. G. (1992) A&A 253, 258 Google Scholar
Carlsson, M., & Stein, R. F. (1992) ApJ 397, L59 Google Scholar
Carlsson, M., & Stein, R. F. (1994) in Carlsson, M. ed. (1994), 47 Google Scholar
Carlsson, M., & Stein, R. F. (1995) ApJ 440, L29 Google Scholar
Castelli, F. & Kurucz, R. L. (1994) A&A 281, 817 Google Scholar
Castor, J. I., Dykema, P., & Klein, R. I. (1992) ApJ 387, 561 Google Scholar
Chan, K. L., Nordlund, A., Steffen, M., & Stein, R. F. (1991) in Solar Interior and Atmosphere , Cox, A. N., Livingston, W. C., & Matthews, M. S., eds., University of Arizona Press, Tucson, 223 Google Scholar
Chang, E. S., Avrett, E. H., Mauas, P. J., Noyes, R. W., & Loeser, R. (1991) ApJ 379, L79 Google Scholar
Cheng, Q. -Q. (1992) A&A 266, 549 Google Scholar
Cooper, J., Ballagh, R. J., & Hubeny, I. (1989) ApJ 344, 949 Google Scholar
Cram, L. E., & Kuhi, L. V. (1989) F, G, K Stars and T Tauri Stars , NASA-SP-502 Google Scholar
Crivellari, L., Hubeny, I., & Hummer, D. G. eds. (1991) Stellar Atmospheres: Beyond Classical Models , NATO ASI Ser. C 341, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht Google Scholar
Crivellari, L. & Simonneau, E. (1995) ApJ 451, 328 Google Scholar
Cuntz, M., & Muchmore, D. (1994) ApJ 433, 303 Google Scholar
Cuntz, M., Rammacher, W., & Ulmschneider, P. (1994) ApJ 432, 690 Google Scholar
Cuntz, M., & Ulmschneider, P. (1994) in Cool Stars, Stellar Systems, and the Sun, 8th Cambridge Workshop , ed. Caillault, J. P., ASP Conference Series, 368 Google Scholar
Dravins, D., & Nordlund, A. (1990) A&A 228, 203 Google Scholar
Dykema, P. G., Klein, R. I., & Castor, J. I. (1995) ApJ, in press Google Scholar
Ewell, M. W. Jr., Zirin, H., Jensen, J. B., & Bastian, T. S. (1993) ApJ 403, 426 Google Scholar
Fleck, B., & Schmitz, F. (1993) A&A 273, 671 Google Scholar
Fontenla, J. H., Avrett, E. H., & Loeser, R. (1990) ApJ 355, 700 Google Scholar
Fontenla, J. M., Avrett, E. H., & Loeser, R. (1991) ApJ 377, 712 Google Scholar
Fontenla, J. M., Avrett, E. H., & Loeser, R. (1993) ApJ 406, 319 Google Scholar
Garmany, C. D., ed. (1990) Properties of Hot Luminous Stars , ASP Conference Series, Vol. 7 Google Scholar
Grigsby, J. A., Morrison, N. D., & Anderson, L. S. (1992) ApJS 78, 205 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gustafsson, B. & Jørgensen, U. G. (1994) A&AR 6, 19 Google Scholar
Harper, G. M. (1994) MNRAS 268, 894 Google Scholar
Harper, G. M., Wood, B. E., Linsky, J. L., Bennett, P. D., Ayres, T. R., & Brown, A. (1995) ApJ 452, 407 Google Scholar
Hauschildt, P. H., Starrfield, S., Shore, S. N., Allard, F., & Barron, E. (1995) ApJ 447, 829 Google Scholar
Hawley, S. L., & Fisher, G. H. (1994) ApJ 426, 387 Google Scholar
Heber, U., & Jeffrey, C. S., eds. (1992) The Atmospheres of Early Type Stars , Springer-Verlag, Berlin Google Scholar
Heinzel, P. (1995) A&A 299, 563 Google Scholar
Holweger, H., & Müller, E. (1974) Solar Phys. 39, 19 Google Scholar
Höflich, P. (1995) ApJ 443, 89 Google Scholar
Huang, P., Musielak, Z., & Ulmschneider, P. (1995) A&A 297, 579 Google Scholar
Hubeny, I., & Lanz, T. (1995) ApJ 439, 875 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hubeny, I., & Lites, B. W. (1995) ApJ 455, 378 Google Scholar
Hummer, D. G. (1991) in Crivellari, et al. eds. (1991), 431 Google Scholar
Hummer, D. G., & Hubeny, I. (1991) in Crivellari, et al. eds. (1991), 119 Google Scholar
Hünerth, G., & Ulmschneider, P. (1995) A&A 293, 166 Google Scholar
Jordan, S. D. (1993) ApJ 414, 337 Google Scholar
Jørgensen, U. G. ed. (1994) Molecules in the Stellar Environment , Springer-Verlag, Berlin Google Scholar
Jørgensen, U. G. (1994) in Jørgensen, ed. (1994), 29 Google Scholar
Jørgensen, U. G., Johnson, H. R., & Nordlund, Å. (1992) A&A 261, 263 Google Scholar
Judge, P. G., & Cuntz, M. (1993) ApJ 409, 776 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kalkofen, W. (1987) Numerical Radiative Transfer , Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Google Scholar
Kalkofen, W., Rossi, P., Bodo, G., & Massaglia, S. (1994) A&A 284, 976 Google Scholar
Kiselman, D. (1994) A&A 286, 169 Google Scholar
Kiselman, D., & Nordund, A. (1995) A&A 302, 578 Google Scholar
Kurucz, R. L. (1979) ApJS 40, 1 Google Scholar
Kurucz, R. L. (1991) in Solar Interior and Atmosphere , Cox, A. N., Livingston, W. C., & Matthews, M. S. eds., University of Arizona Press, Tucson, 663 Google Scholar
Kurucz, R. L. (1994) in Jørgensen, ed. (1994), 282 Google Scholar
Lanz, T., & Hubeny, I. (1995) ApJ 439, 905 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lanzafame, A. C. (1995) A&A, in press Google Scholar
Lemke, M., & Holweger, H. (1987) A&A 173, 375 Google Scholar
Lindsey, C., Kopp, G., Clark, T. A., & Watt, G. (1995) ApJ 453, 511 Google Scholar
Linsky, J. L. (1980) ARA&A 18, 439 Google Scholar
Linsky, J. L. (1985) in Beckman, & Crivellari, eds. (1985), 1 Google Scholar
Maltby, P., Avrett, E. H., Carlsson, M., Kjeldseth-Moe, O., Kurucz, R. L., & Loeser, R. (1986) ApJ 306, 284 Google Scholar
Mauas, P. J., Avrett, E. H., & Loeser, R. (1989) ApJ 345, 1104 Google Scholar
Mendoza, C., & Cunto, W. (1993) A&A 275, L5 Google Scholar
Mihalas, D. (1991) in Crivellari, et al., eds. (1991), 127 Google Scholar
Muchmore, D., Ulmschneider, P., & Kurucz, R. (1988) A&A 201, 138 Google Scholar
Mullan, D. J., & Cheng, Q. Q. (1994) ApJ 435, 435 Google Scholar
Musielak, Z. E., Rosner, R., Stein, R. F., & Ulmschneider, P. (1994) ApJ 423, 474 Google Scholar
Narain, U. & Ulmschneider, P. (1995) Space Sci. Rev., in press Google Scholar
Nordlund, A. (1991) in Crivellari, et al. eds. (1991), 61 Google Scholar
Nordlund, A., & Dravins, D. (1990) A&A 228, 155 Google Scholar
Nordlund, A., Galsgaard, K., & Stein, R. F. (1994) in Solar Surface Magnetic Fields , ed. Rutten, R. J. & Schrijver, C. J., Kluwer, Dordrecht, 471 Google Scholar
Paletou, F. (1995) A&A 302, 587 Google Scholar
Paletou, F., & Auer, L. H. (1995) A&A 297, 771 Google Scholar
Paletou, F., Vial, J. -C., & Auer, L. H. (1993) A&A 274, 571 Google Scholar
Plez, B., Brett, J. M., & Nordlund, Å (1992) A&A 256, 551 Google Scholar
Rammacher, W., & Ulmschneider, P. (1992) A&A 253, 586 Google Scholar
Rannacher, R., Turek, S., & Wehrse, R. (1994) Numerical Methods for Multidimensional Radiative Transfer Problems , Inst. for Theor. Astrophysics, Univ. Heidelberg Google Scholar
Rast, M., Nordlund, A., Stein, R., & Toomre, J. (1993) ApJ 408, L53 Google Scholar
Rogers, F. J., & Iglesias, C. A. (1994) Science 263, 50 Google Scholar
Rybicki, G. B., & Hummer, D. G. (1994) A&A 290, 553 Google Scholar
Schrijver, C. J. (1995) A&AR 6, 223 Google Scholar
Seaton, M. J., Yan, Y., Mihalas, D., & Pradhan, A. K. (1994) MNRAS 266, 805 Google Scholar
Solanki, S. K., Livingston, W., & Ayres, R. (1994) Science 263, 64 Google Scholar
Steffen, M., Freytag, B., & Holweger, H. (1994) in Solar Magnetic Fields , Schüssler, M. & Schmidt, W., eds., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 298 Google Scholar
Sutmann, G., & Ulmschneider, P. (1995) A&A 294, 232 Google Scholar
Sutmann, G., & Ulmschneider, P. (1995) A&A 294, 241 Google Scholar
Trujillo Bueno, J., & Fabiani Bendicho, P. (1995) ApJ 455, 646 Google Scholar
Trujillo Bueno, J., & Kneer, F. (1990) A&A 232, 135 Google Scholar
Tsuji, T. (1994) in Jørgensen, ed. (1994), 79 Google Scholar
Turek, S., & Wehrse, R. (1993) A&A Google Scholar
Uitenbroek, H., & Noyes, R. W. (1994) in Carlsson, M. ed. (1994), 129 Google Scholar
Uitenbroek, H., Noyes, R. W., & Rabin, D. M. (1994) ApJ 432, L67 Google Scholar
Ulmschneider, P. (1994) A&A 288, 1021 Google Scholar
Ulmschneider, P., Priest, E., & Rosner, R., eds. (1991) Mechanisms of Chromospheric and Coronal Heating , Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg Google Scholar
Väth, H. M. (1994) A&A 284, 319 Google Scholar
Vernazza, J. E., Avrett, E. H., & Loeser, R. (1981) ApJS 45, 635 Google Scholar
Viotti, R., Vittone, , & Friedjung, M. (1988) Physics of Formation of Fe ii Lines Outside LTE , Reidel, Dordrecht Google Scholar
Wahlstrom, C., & Carlsson, M. (1994) A&A 433, 417 Google Scholar