Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-fscjk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T02:59:31.721Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Intergalactic Matter and Radiation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 August 2015

G. R. Burbidge
G. R. Burbidge*
Affiliation:
University of California, San Diego, Calif., U.S.A. and Institute of Theoretical Astronomy, Cambridge, Great Britain

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

This paper presents a critical discussion of our present knowledge of intergalactic matter and radiation as it relates to cosmology. While there have been some observational successes and much theoretical speculation, studies of intergalactic matter and radiation have still not allowed us to draw certain conclusions about the origin and evolution of the universe.

Type
Research Article
Information
Symposium - International Astronomical Union , Volume 44: External Galaxies and Quasi-Stellar Objects , 1972 , pp. 492 - 517
Copyright
Copyright © Reidel 1972 

References

Abell, G. O.: 1965, Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 3, 2.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allen, R. J.: 1969, Astron. Astrophys. 3, 316, 382.Google Scholar
Arp, H. C.: 1966, in Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena.Google Scholar
Arp, H. C. and Bertola, F.: 1969, Astrophys. Letters 4, 23.Google Scholar
Bahcall, J. N. and Peebles, P. J. E.: 1969, Astrophys. J. Letters 156, L7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bahcall, J. N. and Salpeter, E. E.: 1966, Astrophys. J. 144, 847.Google Scholar
Bahcall, J. N. and Spitzer, L.: 1969, Astrophys. J. Letters 156, L63.Google Scholar
Baum, W. A.: 1955, Publ. Astron. Soc. Pacific 67, 328.Google Scholar
Bergeron, J.: 1969, Astron. Astrophys. 3, 42.Google Scholar
Bergeron, J.: 1970, Astron. Astrophys. 4, 335.Google Scholar
Bergkvist, K. E.: 1969, CERN Report 69-7, p. 91.Google Scholar
Bortolot, V. J., Clauser, J. F., and Thaddeus, P.: 1969, Phys. Rev. Letters 21, 1460.Google Scholar
Bowyer, C. S., Field, G. B., and Mack, J. E.: 1968, Nature 217, 32.Google Scholar
Brecher, K. and Burbidge, G. R.: 1970, Comments Astrophys. Space Phys. 2, 75.Google Scholar
Brecher, K. and Morrison, P.: 1969, Phys. Rev. Letters 23, 802.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bridle, A. H.: 1967, Monthly Notices Roy. Astron. Soc. 136, 219.Google Scholar
Bunner, A. N., Coleman, P. C., Kraushaar, W. L., McCammon, D., Palmieri, T. M., Shilepsky, A., and Ulmer, M.: 1969, Nature 223, 1222.Google Scholar
Burbidge, E. M.: 1965, Ann. Astrophys. 28, 164.Google Scholar
Burbidge, E. M.: 1971, Pont. Acad. Scient. Scripta Varia 35, 121.Google Scholar
Burbidge, G. R.: 1970, Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 8, 369.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burbidge, G. R. and Burbidge, E. M.: 1967, in Quasi-Stellar Objects, W. H. Freeman, San Francisco.Google Scholar
Burbidge, G. R. and Burbidge, E. M.: 1969a, Nature 222, 735.Google Scholar
Burbidge, G. R. and Burbidge, E. M.: 1969b, Nature 224, 21.Google Scholar
Burbidge, E. M. and Burbidge, G. R.: 1970, Stars and Stellar Systems 9, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, in press.Google Scholar
Burbidge, E. M., Lynds, C. R., and Burbidge, G. R.: 1966, Astrophys. J. 144, 447.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cavallo, G.: 1970, , , San Diego.Google Scholar
Clark, G. W., Garmire, G. P., and Kraushaar, W. L.: 1968, Astrophys. J. Letters 153, L203.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Conklin, E. K.: 1969, Nature 222, 971.Google Scholar
Conklin, E. K. and Bracewell, R. N.: 1967, Phys. Rev. Letters 18, 614; Nature 216, 777.Google Scholar
Davies, R. D. and Jennison, R. C.: 1964, Monthly Notices Roy. Astron. Soc. 128, 123.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doroshkevich, A. G., Zeldovich, Y. B., and Novikov, I. D.: 1967, Soviet Astron. 11, 233.Google Scholar
Elliot, H.: 1969, Proc. Int. Cosmic Ray Conference, Budapest.Google Scholar
Felten, J. E.: 1966, Astrophys. J. 144, 241.Google Scholar
Felten, J. E. and Bergeron, J.: 1969, Astrophys. Letters 4, 155.Google Scholar
Field, G. B.: 1962, Astrophys. J. 135, 684.Google Scholar
Field, G. B.: 1970, preprint.Google Scholar
Field, G. B. and Henry, R. C.: 1964, Astrophys. J. 140, 1002.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ginzburg, V. L.: 1968, Astrophys. Space Sci. 1, 125.Google Scholar
Ginzburg, V. L. and Ozernoy, L. M.: 1966, Astr. Zh. 42, 934; Soviet Astron. 9, 726.Google Scholar
Gold, T. and Hoyle, F.: 1959, in Bracewell, R., (ed.), Paris Symposium on Radio Astronomy, Stanford University Press, Palo Alto, p. 583.Google Scholar
Goldstein, S.: 1963, Astrophys. J. 138, 97.Google Scholar
Gould, R. J.: 1967, Am. J. Phys. 35, 376.Google Scholar
Gould, R. J. and Burbidge, G. R.: 1963, Astrophys. J. 138, 969.Google Scholar
Gould, R. J. and Ramsay, W.: 1966, Astrophys. J. 144, 587.Google Scholar
Graaf, T. de: 1970, Astron. Astrophys. 5, 335.Google Scholar
Greisen, K.: 1966, Phys. Rev. Letters 16, 748.Google Scholar
Gunn, J. E. and Peterson, B. A.: 1965, Astrophys. J. 142, 1633.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hazard, C. and Salpeter, E. E.: 1969, Astrophys. J. Letters 157, L89.Google Scholar
Henry, R. C., Fritz, G., Meekins, J. F., Friedman, H., and Byram, E. T.: 1968, Astrophys. J. Letters 153, L11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Houck, J. R. and Harwit, M.: 1969, Astrophys. J. Letters 157, L245.Google Scholar
Hubble, E.: 1936, in Realm of the Nebulae, Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Hulsbosch, A. N. M.: 1968, Bull. Astron. Inst. Neth. 20, 33.Google Scholar
Karachentsev, I. D.: 1966, Astrofizika 2, 307 (English translation: Astrophysics 3, 1959).Google Scholar
Koehler, J. A. and Robinson, B. J.: 1966, Astrophys. J. 146, 488; Astrophys. J. 146, 504.Google Scholar
Kurt, V. and Sunyaev, R.: 1967a, JETP Letters 5, 299.Google Scholar
Kurt, V. and Sunyaev, R.: 1967b, Cosmic Res. 5, 496.Google Scholar
Kurt, V. and Sunyaev, R.: 1970, in Houziaux, L. and Butler, H. E., (eds.), ‘Ultraviolet Stellar Spectra and Related Ground-Based Observations’, IAU Symp. 36, 341.Google Scholar
Longair, M. S.: 1966, Monthly Notices Roy. Astron. Soc. 133, 421.Google Scholar
Longair, M. S.: 1970, Monthly Notices Roy. Astron. Soc. 150, 155.Google Scholar
Lynds, C. R. and Wills, D.: 1970, Nature 226, 532.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Muelhner, D. and Weiss, R.: 1970, Phys. Rev. Letters 24, 742.Google Scholar
Neyman, J., Scott, E. L., and Shane, D.: 1952, Astrophys. J. 117, 92.Google Scholar
Oort, J. H.: 1958, in La Structure et l'Evolution de l'Universe, Stoops, Brussels, p. 163.Google Scholar
Oort, J. H.: 1966, Bull. Astron. Inst. Neth. 18, 421.Google Scholar
Oort, J. H.: 1969, Nature 224, 1158.Google Scholar
Oort, J. H.: 1970, Astron. Astrophys. 7, 381, 405.Google Scholar
Ozernoy, L. M. and Chernin, A. D.: 1968, Soviet Astron. 11, 907.Google Scholar
Ozernoy, L. M. and Chernin, A. D.: 1969, Soviet Astron. 12, 901.Google Scholar
Partridge, R. B. and Wilkinson, D. T.: 1967, Phys. Rev. Letters 18, 557.Google Scholar
Peebles, P. J. E. and Dicke, R. H.: 1968, Astrophys. J. 154, 891.Google Scholar
Peebles, P. J. E. and Partridge, R. B.: 1967, Astrophys. J. 148, 713.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Penzias, A. A. and Scott, E. H.: 1968, Astrophys. J. Lett. 153, L7.Google Scholar
Penzias, A. A. and Wilson, R. W.: 1969, Astrophys. J. 156, 799.Google Scholar
Penzias, A. A., Schraml, J., and Wilson, R. W.: 1969, Astrophys. J. Letters 157, L49.Google Scholar
Pontecorvo, B. and Smorodinsky, G.: 1962, Soviet Phys. JETP 14, 173.Google Scholar
Rees, M. J.: 1969, Astrophys. Letters 4, 61.Google Scholar
Rees, M. J.: 1970, Astrophys. J. Letters 160, L29.Google Scholar
Rees, M. J. and Sciama, D.: 1968, Nature 217, 511.Google Scholar
Roach, F. and Smith, L. L.: 1968, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc. 15, 227.Google Scholar
Rubin, V. C., Moore, S., and Bertiau, F. C.: 1967, Astron. J. 72, 59.Google Scholar
Sachs, R. and Wolfe, A. M.: 1967, Astrophys. J. 147, 73.Google Scholar
Sandage, A. R. and Luyten, W. J.: 1969, Astrophys. J. 155, 913.Google Scholar
Sargent, W. L. W.: 1970, Astrophys. J. 160, 405.Google Scholar
Scheuer, P. A. G.: 1965, Nature 207, 963.Google Scholar
Schmidt, M.: 1965, Astrophys. J. 141, 1295.Google Scholar
Schwarz, D.: 1970, Astrophys. J. 162, 439.Google Scholar
Sciama, D. W.: 1967, Phys. Rev. Letters 18, 1065.Google Scholar
Sciama, D. W.: 1969, in Proc. Varenna Summer School on General Relativity, in press.Google Scholar
Setti, G. and Woltjer, L.: 1970, Nature 227, 586.Google Scholar
Shivanandan, K., Houck, J. R., and Harwit, M.: 1968, Phys. Rev. Letters 21, 1460.Google Scholar
Shklovsky, I. S.: 1964, Astron. Zh. 41, 801 (Soviet Astron. 8, 638, 1965).Google Scholar
Shklovsky, I. S.: 1969, Soviet Astron. 13, 734.Google Scholar
Silk, J.: 1970, Astrophys. J. 160, 793.Google Scholar
Stecher, F. W.: 1969, Astrophys. J. 157, 507.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stewart, J. M. and Sciama, D. W.: 1967, Nature 216, 748.Google Scholar
Stockton, A. N. and Lynds, C. R.: 1966, Astrophys. J. 144, 451.Google Scholar
Strittmatter, P. A., Faulkner, J., and Walmsley, M.: 1966, Nature 212, 1441.Google Scholar
Sunyaev, R.: 1969, Astrophys. Letters 3, 33.Google Scholar
Thorne, K. S.: 1967, Astrophys. J. 148, 51.Google Scholar
Turtle, A. J. and Baldwin, J. E.: 1962, Monthly Notices Roy. Astron. Soc. 130, 379.Google Scholar
Vaucouleurs, G. de: 1969, Astrophys. Letters 4, 17.Google Scholar
Vaucouleurs, G. de and Vaucouleurs, A. de: 1970, Astrophys. Letters 5, 219.Google Scholar
Vorontsov-Velyaminov, B. A.: 1959, Atlas of Interacting Galaxies, Moscow.Google Scholar
Weber, J.: 1969, Phys. Rev. Letters 22, 1320.Google Scholar
Weber, J.: 1970, Phys. Rev. Letters 24, 276; Phys. Rev. Letters 25, 180.Google Scholar
Weinberg, S.: 1962, Phys. Rev. 128, 1457.Google Scholar
Weymann, R. J.: 1967, Astrophys. J. 147, 887.Google Scholar
Wilkinson, D. and Partridge, R. B.: 1967, Nature 215, 719.Google Scholar
Wolfe, A. M.: 1969, Astrophys. J. 156, 803.Google Scholar
Wolfe, A. M.: 1970, Astrophys. J. Letters 159, L61.Google Scholar
Wolfe, A. M. and Burbidge, G. R.: 1969, Astrophys. J. 156, 345.Google Scholar
Wolfe, A. M. and Burbidge, G. R.: 1970, Nature 228, 1170.Google Scholar
Yu, J. T. and Peebles, P. J. E.: 1969, Astrophys. J. 158, 103.Google Scholar
Zeldovich, Y. B. and Sunyaev, R. A.: 1969, Comments Astrophys. Space Phys. 1, 159.Google Scholar
Zwicky, F.: 1957, Morphological Astronomy, Springer, Berlin.Google Scholar