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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 07 August 2017
Several modern ground-based optical instruments have indicated similar systematic differences of their catalogues with respect to the FK5. Thus, the FK5 apparently needs a correction of about 60·sin(6δ) mas for northern hemisphere declinations, other sine corrections of order 20 mas and some equator correction. These errors are the result of systematically erroneous proper motions due to position errors, particularly in old observations.