No CrossRef data available.
Article contents
Diatribe, Discourse and Dialogue: Reflections on Jesus in the History of Christian-Muslim Encounters*
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 21 March 2016
Extract
The history of Christian-Muslim encounter is a growing field in areas of Christian theology and Islamic Studies. While there is arguably no particular systematic discipline or approach, anyone who enters the history of the theological encounters between these two religions is met with a large body of work which reflects an unusual complexity and degree of nuance. These range from polemical and irenic approaches by those who were writing in response to critiques of their faith without any direct contact with one another, to those Muslim and Christian writers who lived and wrote within the shared culture and civilization of the Arab East.
- Type
- Research Article
- Information
- Copyright
- Copyright © Ecclesiastical History Society 2015
Footnotes
*
Many of the names and themes in this essay appear in my earlier book, Christians, Muslims and Jesus (New Haven, CT, 2013).
References
1 Green, Nile, ‘Emerging Approaches to the Sufi Traditions of South Asia’, in Ridgeon, Lloyd, ed., Sufism, 2: Hermeneutics and Doctrine, Critical Concepts in Islamic Studies (Abingdon, 2008), 123–48.Google Scholar
2 Moorhead, John, ‘The Earliest Christian Theological Response to Islam’, Religion 11 (1981), 265–74, at 265.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3 Cited by Barker, Gregory A., Jesus in the World’s Faiths (New York, 2005), 142.Google Scholar
4 Griffith, Sidney H., ‘From Aramaic to Arabic: The Languages of the Monasteries of Palestine in the Byzantine and Early Islamic Period’, DOP 51 1997), 11—31.Google Scholar
5 See Griffith, Sidney H., The Church in the Shadow of the Mosque: Christians and Muslims in the World of Islam (Princeton, NJ, and Oxford, 2008), 8–9.Google Scholar
6 See, for example, Ehinger, Jessica Lee, ‘Biblical History and the End of Times: Seventh-Century Christian Accounts of the Rise of Islam’, in Clarke, Peter D. and Methuen, Charlotte, eds, The Church on its Past, SCH 49 (Woodbridge, 2013), 52–62.Google Scholar
7 Sahas, Daniel J., John of Damascus on Islam: Tlte Heresy of the Ishmaelites (Leiden, 1972), 133.Google Scholar
8. Sahas, , John of Damascus, 75—82.Google Scholar
9 Iogna-Prat, Dominique, Edwards, Graham Robert and Rosenwein, Barbara H., eds, Order and Exclusion: Cluny and Christendom Face Heresy, judaism, and Islam, 1000-1150 (New York, 2002), 326.Google Scholar
10 Tolan, John V., Sons of Ishmael: Muslims through European Eyes in the Middle Ages (Gainesville, FL, 2008), 113–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11 Watt, William Montgomery, Muslim-Christian Encounters: Perceptions and Misperceptions (New York, 1991), 88.Google Scholar
12 Kritzeck, James, Peter the Venerable and Islam, Princeton Oriental Studies 23 (Princeton, NJ, 1964), 132.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13 Ibid. 142-3.
14 Renard, John,‘The Dominican and the Dervish’, Journal of Ecumenical Studies 29 (1992), 189–201, at 190.Google Scholar
15 Aquinas, Thomas, Summa contra Gentiles 4: 83.Google Scholar All extracts are taken from the online translation at: <http://dhspriory.0rg/thomas/ContraGentiles1.htm#2>.
16. Ibid.
17 Schoot, Henk, ‘Christ Crucified Contested: Thomas Aquinas’, in Roggema, Barbara, Poorthuis, Marcel and Valkenberg, Pim, eds., The Three Rings, Publications of the Thomas Instituut (Utrecht, 2005), 143 Google Scholar. See also Hammond, Robert, The Philosophy of Al-Farābī and its Influence on Medieval Thought (NewYork, 1947)Google Scholar.This book gives extensive citations in parallel columns from al-Farābī and Thomas, showing the latter’s almost verbatim dependence on the former.
18 For a translation of Luther’s works, I have used Adam S. Francisco, Martin Luther and Islam: A Study in Sixteenth-Century Polemics and Apologetics (Leiden, 2007), especially here 208, citing Luther, Verlegung des Alcoran (1542), which was a translation of Ricoldus de Monte Crucis, Confutatio Alcorani.
19 Luther, Eine Heerpredigt wider den Türkcn(1529), quoted in Francisco, Martin Luther, 113–;16.
20 Luther, , Verlegung, quoted in Francisco, Martin Luther, 115.Google Scholar
21 Zwemer, Samuel, Tlie Disintegration of Islam(London, 1916)Google Scholar.The book is based on a series of lectures Zwemer gave at Princeton, the purpose of the lectures being ’distinctly missionary’: ibid. 9—10.
22 Ibid. 10.
23 Ibid. 181-2.
24 ‘al-Tabarī, Ali Rabbān, Kitāb al-dīn wa-l-dawta, Tlie Book of Religion and Empire, transl. Mingana, A. (Manchester, 1922), 3.Google Scholar
25 Thomas, David, Christian Doctrines in Islamic Theology(Leiden, 2008), 169–71CrossRefGoogle Scholar, quoting ‘al-Bāqillānī, Abū Bakr, ‘Refutation of the Christians’, from Kitāb al-Tamhīd ed. McCarthy, R.J. (Beirut, 1957)Google Scholar.Thomas provides a useful introduction to the intellectual period of the writers, as well as a synopsis of their main arguments.
26 Quotations from Thomas, , Christian Doctrines,173–7.Google Scholar
27 Ibid. 132.
28 For an in-depth analysis, see Royster, James, ‘Personal Transformation in Ibn al-’Arabī and Meister Eckhart’, in Haddad, Yvonne Y. and Haddad, Wadi Z., eds, Christian-Muslim Encounters(Gainesville, FL, 1995), 158—79.Google Scholar
29 Nicholson, R., cited in King, James Roy,’Jesus and Joseph in Rūmī’s Mathnawi’ , MW 80 (1990), 81–95, at 85.Google Scholar
30 Khalidi, Tarif, Tlie Muslim Jesus(Cambridge, MA, 2003), 45.Google Scholar
31 Ibid. 118.
32 It is beyond the scope of this essay to go into further detail about these concepts, but for a useful collection of articles on Islamic theologies of other religions which deals with these terms, see Umar, Muhamaad Suheyl, ed., The Religious Other: Towards a Muslim Tlieology of Other Religions in a Post-Prophetic Age (Lahore, 2008).Google Scholar
33 An interesting analysis is Cimino, Richard, ‘“No God in Common“: American Evangelical Discourse on Islam after 9/11’, Review of Religious Research 47 (2005), 162–74.Google Scholar
34 See Volf, Miroslav, Allah: A Christian Response(New York, 2011).Google Scholar
35 Abdou Filali-Ansary,‘Jihad or Murder?’, online at: <http://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/jihad-or-murder>, last accessed 10 September 2014.