Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dsjbd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T06:15:36.775Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

ON INCLUSION, DIVERSITY, EQUITY, AND ACCESSIBILITY IN CIVIL ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN. A REVIEW OF ASSESSMENT TOOLS.

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 July 2021

Matteo Zallio  and
P. John Clarkson
Matteo Zallio*
Affiliation:
University of Cambridge
P. John Clarkson
Affiliation:
University of Cambridge
*
Zallio, Matteo, University of Cambridge, Department of Engineering, United Kingdom, [email protected]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Since the mid-20th century, assessing the performance of the built environment was recognized as an instrument to improve the efficiency in the design and construction processes. However, it appears difficult to identify assessment tools that currently include a holistic assessment of inclusion, diversity, equity and accessibility criteria for the built environments.

A systematic literature review was performed to define the state of the art of assessment tools in the domain of civil engineering and architectural design, and to identify gaps in the criteria of inclusion, diversity, equity, and accessibility.

The review highlighted three fundamental aspects. First, how the binomial relationship between regulations and assessment tools is not mutually exclusive. Second, how the process of assessing buildings is shifting towards mixed evaluation methods. Third, how assessment tools have been developed with a perceivable evolutionary latency from when standards were released.

With this work, we produced a state-of-the-art overview about inclusion, diversity, equity and accessibility (IDEA) in the built environment, to inform the development of tools that will foster the design of future inclusive environments.

Keywords

Design methodologyInclusive designEvaluation toolDecision makingBuilt environment
Type
Article
Information
Proceedings of the Design Society , Volume 1: ICED21 , August 2021 , pp. 2297 - 2306
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NCCreative Common License - ND
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is unaltered and is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use or in order to create a derivative work.
Copyright
The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

References

Ansi (1980), Specifications for making buildings and facilities accessible to usable to physically handicapped people. New York. In: American National Standard Institute (ed.).Google Scholar
Astiaso Garcia, D., Cumo, F., Pennacchia, E., Stefanini Pennucci, V., Piras, G., De Notti, V. & Roversi, R. (2017), “Assessment of a urban sustainability and life quality index for elderly”. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning, 12, 908–921. https://doi.org/10.2495/SDP-V12-N5-908-921CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Basnak, M., Tauke, B. & Weidemann, S. (2015), “Universal design in architectural education: who is doing It? How is it being done?”. In: Aksamija, A., Aminmansour, J. H., A. ed. Future of Architectural Research. Proceedings of the Architectural Research Centers Consortium ARCC 2015 Conference. Perkins+Will, 670–678.Google Scholar
Baumgartner, J. N. & Burns, J. K. (2013), “Measuring social inclusion—a key outcome in global mental health”. International Journal of Epidemiology, 43, 354–364. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyt224CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bragança, L., Mateus, R. & Koukkari, H. (2010), “Building sustainability assessment”. Sustainability, 2:7, pp: 2010–2023. https://doi.org/10.3390/su2072010CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bre. (1990), Building Research Establishment's Environmental Assessment Method [Online]. Available: https://www.breeam.com/ [Accessed December 1, 2020].Google Scholar
Bsi 2005. BS 7000-6:2005. (2005), Design Management Systems. Part 6: Managing Inclusive Design Guide. In: Institution, B. S. (ed.). British Standards Institution.Google Scholar
Bsi 2018. BS 8300-2:2018. (2018), Design of an accessible and inclusive built environment. Buildings. Code of practice. In: Institution, B. S. (ed.). British Standards Institution.Google Scholar
Cambridge University Press. (2021), Definition of Inclusion. [Online]. Available: https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/inclusion. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Castanheira, G. & Bragança, L. (2014), “The Evolution of the Sustainability Assessment Tool: From Buildings to the Built Environment”. The Scientific World Journal, 2014, 491791. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/491791CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Clarkson, P. J., Keates, S., Coleman, R. & Lebbon, C. (2003), Inclusive Design. Design for the Whole Population, London, Springe. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0001-0Google Scholar
Coleman, R. (1994), “The case for Inclusive Design an overview”. 12th Triennial Congress. International Ergonomics Association and the Human Factors Association of Canada, Toronto, Canada.Google Scholar
Coleman, R., Bendixen, K. & Tahkokallio, P. (2003), A European perspective. In: Clarkson, J., Coleman, S. K., R., & Lebbon, C. (ed.) Inclusive Design: Design for the Whole Population London: Springer.Google Scholar
Duncan, T. L. C. (1971), Measuring housing quality a study of methods, Birmingham University of Birmingham (Centre for Urban and Regional Studies).Google Scholar
Eisenberg, Y., Rimmer, J. H., Mehta, T. & Fox, M. H. (2015), “Development of a community health inclusion index: an evaluation tool for improving inclusion of people with disabilities in community health initiatives”. BMC Public Health, 15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-2381-2CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Standard, European. (2021), EN 17210:2021 Accessibility and usability of the built environment.Google Scholar
Francescato, G. (1991), Housing quality: technical and non-technical aspects London, E & FN Spon.Google Scholar
Gamache, S., Morales, E., Noreau, L., Dumont, I. & Leblond, J. (2018). “Measure of environmental accessibility (MEA): development and inter-rater reliability”. Journal of Accessibility and Design for All, 8, 1–32. https://doi.org/10.17411/jacces.v8i1.141Google Scholar
Haapio, A. & Viitaniemi, P. (2008), “A critical review of building environmental assessment tools”. Environmental Impact Assessment Review Pp: 469–482. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2008.01.002CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heylighen, A., Van Der Linden, V. & Van Steenwinkel, I. (2017), “Ten questions concerning inclusive design of the built environment”. Building and Environment, 114, 507–517. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2016.12.008CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huxley, P., Evans, S., Madge, S., Webber, M., Burchardt, T., Mcdaid, D. & Knapp, M. (2012), “Development of a social inclusion index to capture subjective and objective life domains (phase II): psychometric development study”. Health Technology Assessment, 16 (1), 1–248. https://doi.org/10.3310/hta16010CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Iso (1994), ISO/TR 9527:1994. Building construction - Needs of disabled people in buildings - Design guidelines. In: International Standards Organization (ed.).Google Scholar
Iso (2008), ISO/TR 22411:2008. Ergonomics data and guidelines for the application of ISO/IEC Guide 71 to products and services to address the needs of older persons and persons with disabilities. In: International Standards Organization (ed.).Google Scholar
Iso (2011), ISO 21542:2011. Building construction. Accessibility and usability of the built environment. In: International Standards Organization (ed.).Google Scholar
Iwarsson, S. (1997), Functional capacity and physical environmental demand. Exploration of factors influencing everyday activity and health in the elderly population. Doctoral Dissertation, Lund University.Google Scholar
Iwarsson, S. (1999), “The Housing Enabler: An Objective Tool for Assessing Accessibility”. British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 62, 491–497. https://doi.org/10.1177/030802269906201104CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Iwarsson, S. & Stâhl, A. (2003), “Accessibility, usability and universal design—positioning and definition of concepts describing person-environment relationships”. Disability and rehabilitation, 25 2, 57–66. https://doi.org/10.1080/dre.25.2.57.66Google ScholarPubMed
Jeamwatthanachai, W., Wald, M. & Wills, G. (2019), “Building rating system: an instrument for building accessibility measurement for better indoor navigation by blind people”. Journal of Enabling Technologies, 13, 158–172. https://doi.org/10.1108/JET-12-2018-0060Google Scholar
Kashef, M. (2017), “Residential developments in small-town America: assessment and regulations”. City, Territory and Architecture, 4. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40410-017-0070-4CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lau, W. K., Ho, D. C. W. & Yau, Y. (2016), “Assessing the disability inclusiveness of university buildings in Hong Kong”. International Journal of Strategic Property Management, 20, 184–197. https://doi.org/10.3846/1648715X.2015.1107653CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lebovich, W. L. (1993), Design for Dignity, Wiley.Google Scholar
Mace, R. L., Hardie, G. J., Place, J. P. (1991), Accessible Environments: Toward Universal Design. In: Preiser, W.E., V., J., White, E.T. (ed.) Design Intervention: Toward a More Humane Architecture. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.Google Scholar
Malecki, K. C., Engelman, C. D., Peppard, P. E., Nieto, F. J., Grabow, M. L., Bernardinello, M., Bailey, E., Bersch, A. J., Walsh, M. C., Lo, J. Y. & Martinez-Donate, A. (2014), “The Wisconsin Assessment of the Social and Built Environment (WASABE): a multi-dimensional objective audit instrument for examining neighborhood effects on health”. BMC public health, 14, 1165–1165. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-1165.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mercader-Moyano, P., Flores-García, M. & Serrano-Jiménez, A. (2020), “Housing and neighbourhood diagnosis for ageing in place: Multidimensional Assessment System of the Built Environment (MASBE)”. Sustainable Cities and Society, 62, 102422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2020.102422CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mosca, E. I. & Capolongo, S. (2018), “Towards a Universal Design Evaluation for Assessing the Performance of the Built Environment”. Stud Health Technol Inform, 256, 771–779.Google ScholarPubMed
Mosca, E. I. & Capolongo, S. (2020), Universal Design-Based Framework to Assess Usability and Inclusion of Buildings. Springer International Publishing.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Olukoya, O. A. P. & Atanda, J. O. (2020), “Assessing the Social Sustainability Indicators in Vernacular Architecture—Application of a Green Building Assessment Approach”. Environments, 7, 67. https://doi.org/10.3390/environments7090067.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Patnaik, D. & Becker, R. (2010), “Needfinding: The Why and How of Uncovering People's Needs”. Design Management Journal (Former Series), 10, 37–43. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1948-7169.1999.tb00250.xCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pérez-Delhoyo, R., García-Mayor, C., Mora, H., Gilart-Iglesias, V. & Andújar-Montoya, M. D. (2017), “Improving urban accessibility: A methodology for urban dynamics analysis in smart, sustainable and inclusive cities”. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning, 12, 357–367. https://doi.org/10.2495/sdp-v12-n3-357-367.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pirkl, J. J. & Babic, A. L. (1988), Guidelines and Strategies for Designing Transgenerational Products: A resource manual for industrial design professionals, Copley Publishing Group.Google Scholar
Ponsard, C. & Snoeck, V. (2006), Objective Accessibility Assessment of Public Infrastructures. In: Miesenberger, K., Klaus, J., Zagler, W. L. & Karshmer, A. I. (eds.) Computers Helping People with Special Needs. ICCHP 2006. . Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.Google Scholar
Preiser, W. F. E. (1983), “The habitability framework: a conceptual approach towards linking human behaviour and physical environment”. Design Studies, 4, 84–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/0142-694x(83)90038-8CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Preiser, W. F. E. (2010), Toward universal design performance assessments. In: Preiser, W. F. E. (ed.) Universal Design Handbook. New York: Mcgraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Quintas, R., Raggi, A., Bucciarelli, P., Franco, M., Andreotti, G., Caballero, A., F, F.., Olaya, B., Chatterji, S., Galas, A., Meriläinen-Porras, S., Frisoni, G., Russo, E., Minicuci, N., Power, M., Leonardi, M. (2014), “The COURAGE Built Environment Outdoor Checklist: An Objective Built Environment Instrument to Investigate the Impact of the Environment on Health and Disability.”. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy: An International Journal of Theory and Practice, 21.3 pp: 204–214. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.1858.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rebernik, N., Szajczyk, M., Bahillo, A. & Goličnik Marušić, B. (2020), “Measuring Disability Inclusion Performance in Cities Using Disability Inclusion Evaluation Tool (DIETool)”. Sustainability, 12, 1378. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12041378.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, K., H. (2011), Diversity and equity in housing: Designing the Arkansas Proto-House. In: Preiser, W., E. & Smith, K., H. (eds.) Universal Design Handbook. Second edition ed. New York: McGraw Hill.Google Scholar
Steinfeld, E. & Maisel, J. L. (2012), Universal Design: Creating Inclusive Environments, Canada, John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Story, M., Mueller, J., Mace, R. L. (1998), “The Universal Design File: Designing for People of All Ages and Abilities. Revised Edition”.Google Scholar
Uk, Gov. (1995), Disability Discrimination Act. Government UK. In: United Kingdom Government. (ed.).Google Scholar
Usgbc. (1998). LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design [Online]. Available: https://www.usgbc.org/leed [Accessed November 22, 2020].Google Scholar
Van Der Linden, V., Dong, H. & Heylighen, A. (2016), “From accessibility to experience: opportunities for inclusive design in architectural practice”. Nordic Journal of Architectural Research 28 (2) 33–58.Google Scholar
Wu, S., Lee, A., Tah, J. H. M. & Aouad, G. (2007), “The use of a multi-attribute tool for evaluating accessibility in buildings: the AHP approach”. Facilities, 25, 375–389. https://doi.org/10.1108/02632770710772478CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zallio, M. & Casiddu, N. (2016), “Lifelong Housing Design: User feedback evaluation of smart objects and accessible houses for healthy ageing”. 9th ACM International Conference on PErvasive Technologies Related to Assistive Environments PETRA Corfù, Greece: ACM NY, USA.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zallio, M., Berry, D. & Casiddu, N. (2016), “Adaptive homes for enabling senior citizens: A holistic assessment tool for housing design and IoT-based technologies”. IEEE 3rd World Forum of Internet of Things (Wf- IoT). Reston VA, USA IEEE.Google Scholar