Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2brh9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-30T18:48:23.378Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Consensus Social Movements and the Catholic Worker

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 March 2012

Paul V. Stock*
Affiliation:
University of Otago
*
Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Paul V. Stock, Centre for Sustainability, University of Otago, New Zealand. E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

This article proposes a revised conceptual definition of consensus social movement. By using the example of the Catholic Worker, I construct a workable concept of a consensus social movement based on Quaker consensus and indigenous decision-making. The new definition of consensus social movement brings theoretical strength as demonstrated in the illustration of the Catholic Worker. The concept of a consensus social movement offers a revised theoretical tool for the social movement literature toolkit.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Religion and Politics Section of the American Political Science Association 2012

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Allahyari, Rebecca A. 2000. Visions of Charity: Volunteer Workers and Moral Community. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aronica, Michele T. 1987. Beyond Charismatic Leadership: The New York Catholic Worker Movement. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction.Google Scholar
Bacon, Margaret H. 1969. The Quiet Rebels: The Story of the Quakers in America. New York, NY: Basic.Google Scholar
Banaszak, Lee Ann. 1996. Why Movements Succeed or Fail: Opportunity, Culture, and the Struggle for Woman Suffrage. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Betten, Neil. 1970. “Social Catholicism and the Emergence of Catholic Radicalism in America”. Journal of Human Relations 18:710727.Google Scholar
Betten, Neil. 1971. “The Great Depression and the Activities of the Catholic Worker Movement”. Labor History 12:243258.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Birkes, Firket. 1999. Sacred Ecology: Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Resource Management. Philadelphia, PA: Taylor and Francis.Google Scholar
Boehrer, Fred. 2001. “Diversity, Plurality and Ambiguity: Anarchism in the Catholic Worker Movement”. In Dorothy Day: Centenary Essays, eds. Thorn, William J., Runkel, Philip, and Mountin, Susan. Milwaukee, WI: Marquette University Press, 95127.Google Scholar
Boehrer, Fred. 2003. “Anarchism and Downward Mobility: Is Finishing Last the Least We Can Do?Contemporary Justice Review 6:3745.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Born, Branden, and Purcell, Mark. 2006. “Avoiding the Local Trap: Scale and Food Systems in Planning Research.” Journal of Planning Education and Research 26:195207.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brinkley, Alan. 1983. Voices of Protest: Huey Long, Father Coughlin, and the Great Depression. New York, NY: Random House.Google Scholar
Brinton, Howard H. 1950. Guide to Quaker Practice. Wallingford, PA: Pendle Hill.Google Scholar
Calhoun, Craig. 1993. “New Social Movements” of the Early Nineteenth Century”. Social Science History 17:385427.Google Scholar
Casa Juan Diego Catholic Worker. 2010. “Mission Statement.” http://www.cjd.org/mission.html (Accessed on August 20, 2010).Google Scholar
Catholic Worker. 2010a. “Aims and Means of the Catholic Worker” (May).Google Scholar
Catholic Worker. 2010b. “Aims and Means.” http://www.catholicworker.org/aimsandmeans.cfm (Accessed on August 20, 2010).Google Scholar
Catholic Worker. 2010c. “Communities.” http://www.catholicworker.org/communities/commlistall.cfm (Accessed on August 20, 2010).Google Scholar
Catholic Worker Farm. 2010. “Earth Abides Land Trust.” http://claim.goldrush.com/~eartha/ea0fps.htm (Accessed on August 20, 2010).Google Scholar
Cleaver, Richard, Preheim, Beth, and Sprong, Michael. 1993. New Heaven, New Earth: Practical Essays on the Catholic Worker Program. Marion, SD: Rose Hill Books.Google Scholar
Cleveland, David A., and Soleri, Daniela. 2007. “Farmer Knowledge and Scientist Knowledge in Sustainable Development: Ontology, Epistemology and Praxis”. In Local Science vs. Global Science: Approaches to Indigenous Knowledge in International Development, ed. Sillitoe, Paul. New York, NY: Bergham Books, 209229.Google Scholar
Cohen, Jean, and Arato, Andrew. 1992. Civil Society and Political Theory. Cambridge, MA: MIT.Google Scholar
Coles, Robert, and Erikson, Jon. 1974. A Spectacle Unto the World: The Catholic Worker Movement. New York, NY: Viking.Google Scholar
Coy, Patrick G. 1988. A Revolution of the Heart: Essays on the Catholic Worker. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.Google Scholar
Coy, Patrick G. 2001. “An Experiment in Personalist Politics: The Catholic Worker Movement and Nonviolent Action”. Peace & Change 26:7894.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dahlberg, Lincoln. 2005. “The Habermasian Public Sphere: Taking Difference Seriously?Theory and Society 34:111136.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Day, Dorothy. 1948. “Letter on Hospices”. The Catholic Worker, January, 2.Google Scholar
Day, Dorothy. 1983. Loaves and Fishes. San Francisco, CA: Harper & Row.Google Scholar
DeLeon, David. 1978. The American as Anarchist. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dietrich, Jeff. 1983. Reluctant Resister. Greensboro, NC: Unicorn.Google Scholar
Downey, Dennis J. 2006. “Elaborating Consensus: Strategic Orientations and Rationales in Wartime Intergroup Relations”. Mobilization: An International Journal 11:257276.Google Scholar
Earl, Jennifer, and Schussman, Alan. 2003. “The New Site of Activism: On-Line Organizations, Movement Entrepreneurs, and the Changing Location of Social Movement Decision Making”. In Consensus Decision Making, Northern Ireland and Indigenous Movements, ed. Coy, Patrick G.Oxford, UK: Elsevier, 155188.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ellis, Marc H. 1980. Peter Maurin: Prophet in the Twentieth Century. New York, NY: Paulist Press.Google Scholar
Ellsberg, Robert, ed. 2008. The Duty of Delight: The Diaries of Dorothy Day. Milwaukee, WI: Marquette University Press.Google Scholar
Ellul, Jacques. 1988. Anarchy and Christianity. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans.Google Scholar
Fisher, James Terence. 1989. The Catholic Counterculture in America, 1933–1962. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press.Google Scholar
Gibson-Graham, J.K. 1996. The End of Capitalism (As We Knew It). Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Gibson-Graham, J.K. 2006. A Postcapitalist Politics. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Gitlin, Todd. 1980. The Whole World is Watching: Mass Media in the Making and Unmaking of the New Left. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Habermas, Jürgen. 1984. Theory of Communicative Action. Boston, MA: Beacon.Google Scholar
Hare, A. Paul. 1973. “Group Decision by Consensus: Reaching Unity in the Society of Friends”. Sociological Inquiry 43:7584.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, Ladonna, Sachs, Stephen M., and Broome, Benjamin J.. 2001. “Wisdom of the People: Potential and Pitfalls in Efforts by the Comanches to Recreate Traditional Ways of Building Consensus”. American Indian Quarterly 25:114134.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harvey, Neil. 1998. The Chiapas Rebellion: The Struggle for Land and Democracy. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Hawken, Paul. 2007. Blessed Unrest. New York, NY: Viking.Google Scholar
Hébert, Martin. 2003. “Communal Interest and Political Decision Making in an Emerging Mexican Indigenous Movement”. In Consensus Decision Making, Northern Ireland and Indigenous Movements, ed. Coy, Patrick G.Oxford, UK: Elsevier, 6184.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoffman, Hallock. 1968. “The Quaker Dialogue”. The Civilization of the Dialogue 2:912.Google Scholar
Holben, Lawrence. 1997. All the Way to Heaven: A Theological Reflection on Dorothy Day, Peter Maurin and the Catholic Worker. Marion, SD: Rose Hill Books.Google Scholar
Hunn, Eugene S., Johnson, Darryl, Russell, Priscilla N., and Thornton, Thomas F.. 2003. “Huna Tlingit Traditional Environmental Knowledge, Conservation, and the Management of a 'Wilderness' Park”. Current Anthropology 44:S79S103.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ianello, Kathleen. 1992. Decisions Without Hierarchy. New York, NY: Routledge.Google Scholar
Jordan, Ryan P. 2007. Slavery and the Meetinghouse: Quakers and the Abolitionist Dilemma, 1820–1865. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.Google Scholar
Kelley, Robin D.G. 1994. Race Rebels: Culture, Politics and the Black Working Class. New York, NY: Free Press.Google Scholar
Klandermans, Bert. 1988. “The Formation and Mobilization of Consensus”. International Social Movement Research 1:173196.Google Scholar
Klatch, Rebecca E. 2004. “The Underside of Social Movements: The Effects of Destructive Affective Ties”. Qualitative Sociology 27:487509.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klejment, Anne, and Roberts, Nancy L.. 1996. American Catholic Pacifism: The Influence of Dorothy Day and the Catholic Worker Movement. Westport, CT: Praeger.Google Scholar
Lijphart, Arend. 1998. “Consensus and Consensus Democracy: Cultural, Structural, Functional, and Rational-Choice Explanations”. Scandinavian Political Studies 2:99108.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lofland, John. 1989. “Consensus Movements: City Twinning and Derailed Dissent in the American Eighties”. Research in Social Movements, Conflict and Change 11:163196.Google Scholar
Mansbridge, Jane. 2003. “Consensus in Conflict: A Guide for Social Movements”. In Consensus Decision Making, Northern Ireland and Indigenous Movements, ed. Coy, Patrick G.Oxford, UK: Elsevier, 229253.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matthei, Chuck. 1977. “Land Trusts”. The Catholic Worker, September, 8.Google Scholar
McCarthy, John D., and Wolfson, Mark. 1992. “Consensus Movements, Conflict Movements, and the Cooptation of Civic and State Infrastructures”. In Frontiers in Social Movement Theory, eds. Morris, Aldon, and Mueller, Carol McClurg. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 273–96.Google Scholar
McKanan, Dan. 2008. The Catholic Worker After Dorothy: Practicing the Works of Mercy in a New Generation. Collegeville, MN: Liturgical Press.Google Scholar
Medvetz, Thomas. 2006. “The Strength of Weekly Ties: Relations of Material and Symbolic Exchange in the Conservative Movement”. Politics & Society 34:343368.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Melucci, Alberto. 1996. Challenging Codes: Collective Action in the Information Age. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Michaelson, Marc. 1994. “Wangari Maathai and Kenya's Green Belt Movement: Exploring the Evolution and Potentialities of Consensus Movement Mobilization”. Social Problems 41:540561.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, William D. 1973. A Harsh and Dreadful Love: Dorothy Day and the Catholic Worker Movement. New York, NY: Liveright.Google Scholar
Mowrer, Deane. 1961. “Peter Maurin Farm”. The Catholic Worker, February 2, 8.Google Scholar
Murray, Harry. 1990. Do Not Neglect Hospitality. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.Google Scholar
Nepstad, Sharon Erickson. 2004. “Persistent Resistance: Commitment and Community in the Plowshares Movement”. Social Problems 51:4360.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Novitsky, Anthony. 1975. “Peter Maurin's Green Revolution: The Radical Implications of Reactionary Social Catholicism”. The Review of Politics 37:83103.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Offe, Claus. 1985. “New Social Movements: Challenging the Boundaries of Institutional Politics”. Social Research 52:817868.Google Scholar
Ozawa, Connie P. 1991. Recasting Science: Consensual Procedures in Public Policy Making. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.Google Scholar
Payerhin, Marek, and Zirakzadeh, Cyrus Ernesto. 2006. “On Movement Frames and Negotiated Identities: The Case of Poland's First Solidarity Congress”. Social Movement Studies: Journal of Social, Cultural and Political Protest 5:91115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Piehl, Mel. 1982. Breaking Bread: The Catholic Worker and the Origin of Catholic Radicalism in America. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.Google Scholar
Record, Ian. 2008. We Are the Stewards: Indigenous-Led Fisheries Innovation in North America. Tucson, AZ: Joint Occasional Papers on Native Affairs.Google Scholar
Roberts, Nancy L. 1984. Dorothy Day and the Catholic Worker. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.Google Scholar
Rose, Fred. 1997. “Toward a Class-Cultural Theory of Social Movements: Reinterpreting New Social Movements”. Sociological Forum 12:461494.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schell, Jonathan. 2003. The Unconquerable World: Power, Nonviolence, and the Will of the People. New York, NY: Metropolitan Books.Google Scholar
Schwartz, Michael, Paul, Shuva, and Mueller, Carol McClurg. 1992. “Resource Mobilization versus the Mobilization of People: Why Consensus Movement Cannot Be Instruments of Social Change”. In Frontiers in Social Movement Theory, eds. Morris, Aldon, and Mueller, Carol McClurg. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 205223.Google Scholar
Segers, Mary C. 1978. “Equality and Christian Anarchism — Political and Social Ideas of Catholic Worker Movement”. Review of Politics 40:196230.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sheeran, Michael J. 1983. Beyond Majority Rule: Voteless Decisions in the Religious Society of Friends. Philadelphia, PA: Philadelphia Yearly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends.Google Scholar
Sicius, Francis. 1990. The Word Made Flesh: The Chicago Catholic Worker and the Emergence of Lay Activism in the Church. Lanham, MD: University Press of America.Google Scholar
Sillitoe, Paul. 2007a. “Counting On Local Knowledge”. In Local Science vs. Global Science: Approaches to Indigenous Knowledge in International Development, ed. Sillitoe, Paul. New York, NY: Bergham Books, 257278.Google Scholar
Sillitoe, Paul. 2007b. “Local Science vs. Global Science: An Overview”. In Local Science vs. Global Science: Approaches to Indigenous Knowledge in International Development, ed. Sillitoe, PaulNew York, NY: Bergham Books, 122.Google Scholar
Sniegocki, John. 2005. “Creating a New Society: The Catholic Worker and the Community of the Ark”. Contemporary Justice Review 8:295306.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spickard, James V. 2005. “Ritual, Symbol, and Experience: Understanding Catholic Worker House Masses”. Sociology of Religion 66:337357.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Steinberg, Marc. 1999. Fighting Words: Working-class Formation, Collective Action and Discourse in Early Nineteenth-century England. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Steinberg, Marc. 2002. “Toward a More Dialogic Analysis of Social Movement Culture”. In Social Movements: Identity, Culture, and the State, eds. Meyer, David S., Whittier, Nancy, and Robnett, Belinda. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 208225.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stock, Paul V. 2010. “Catholic Worker Economics: Subsistence and Resistance Strategies of Householding.” Bulletin for the Study of Religion 40:1625.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Susskind, Lawrence, and Cruikshank, Jeffrey. 1987. Breaking the Impasse: Consensual Approaches to Resolving Public Disputes. New York, NY: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Taiepa, Todd, Philip Lyver, Peter Horsley, Jane Davis, Margaret Brag, and Moller, Henrik. 1997. “Co-management of New Zealand's Conservation Estate by Maori and Pakeha: A Review”. Environmental Conservation 24:236250.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tesh, Sylvia Noble. 2000. Uncertain Hazard: Environmental Activists and Scientific Proof. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Thorn, William J., Runkel, Philip, and Mountin, Susan, eds. 2001. Dorothy Day: Centenary Essays. Milwaukee, WI: Marquette University Press.Google Scholar
Troester, Rosalie Riegle. 1993. Voices from the Catholic Worker. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.Google Scholar
Whitworth, Andrew. 2003. “Communicative Rationality and Decision Making in Environmental Organizations”. In Consensus Decision Making, Northern Ireland and Indigenous Movements, ed. Coy, Patrick G.Oxford, UK: Elsevier, 122153.Google Scholar
Woehrle, Lynne M. 2003. “Claims-Making and Consensus in Collective Group Processes”. In Consensus Decision Making, Northern Ireland and Indigenous Movements, ed. Coy, Patrick G.Oxford, UK: Elsevier, 330.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Woodcock, George. 1967. Anarchism: A History of Libertarian Ideas and Movements. Cleveland, OH: Meridian Books.Google Scholar
Wynne, Brian. 1996. “May the Sheep Safely Graze? A Reflexive View of the Expert-Lay Knowledge Divide”. In Risk, Environment and Modernity: Towards a New Ecology, eds. Lash, Scott, Szerszynski, Bronislaw, and Wynne, Brian. London, UK: Sage, 4483.Google Scholar
Zwick, Mark, and Zwick, Louise. 2005. The Catholic Worker Movement: Intellectual and Spiritual Origins. New York, NY: Paulist Press.Google Scholar