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The incongruence of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA variation supports conspecificity of the monogenean parasites Gyrodactylus salaris and G. thymalli

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 July 2006

H. HANSEN ,
L. MARTINSEN ,
T. A. BAKKE  and
L. BACHMANN
H. HANSEN
Affiliation:
Natural History Museum, Department for Zoology, University of Oslo, PO Box 1172 Blindern, N-0318 Oslo, Norway
L. MARTINSEN
Affiliation:
Natural History Museum, Department for Zoology, University of Oslo, PO Box 1172 Blindern, N-0318 Oslo, Norway
T. A. BAKKE
Affiliation:
Natural History Museum, Department for Zoology, University of Oslo, PO Box 1172 Blindern, N-0318 Oslo, Norway
L. BACHMANN
Affiliation:
Natural History Museum, Department for Zoology, University of Oslo, PO Box 1172 Blindern, N-0318 Oslo, Norway
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Abstract

The monogenean Gyrodactylus salaris Malmberg, 1957 is an economically important parasite on Atlantic salmon whereas the morphologically very similar G. thymalli Žitňan, 1960 on grayling is considered harmless. Even molecular markers cannot unambiguously discriminate both species. The nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences are identical in both species, and although mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) sequences show substantial variation, no support for monophyly of either species is found. Analysis of nucleotide sequences of the intergenic spacer (IGS) have, however, been interpreted as support for 2 species. Here, IGS and COI sequences from 81 G. salaris and G. thymalli specimens of 39 populations across the species' distribution range were determined. Mitochondrial diversity was not reflected in the nuclear marker. Since various 23 bp IGS repeat types usually differ by just one nucleotide and sequences primarily differ in the number and order of repeat types, alignments may be biased and arbitrary, impeding meaningful phylogenetic analyses. The hypothesis that parasites on rainbow trout represent hybrids of both species is rejected. The presence or absence of particular repeat types is not considered informative. We interpret the IGS data as support for G. salaris and G. thymalli being a single species.

Keywords

concerted evolutiongenetic diversityintergenic spacermolecular taxonomyribosomal DNA
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 133 , Issue 5 , November 2006 , pp. 639 - 650
Copyright
2006 Cambridge University Press

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