Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jn8rn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T10:40:22.387Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Factors affecting the establishment of the caecal threadworm Trichostrongylus tenuis in red grouse (Lagopus lagopus scoticus)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

J. L. Shaw
Affiliation:
1Zoology Department, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB9 2TN, Scotland
R. Moss
Affiliation:
2Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Banchory, Kincardineshire AB3 4BY, Scotland

Summary

The resistance of captive reared red grouse to Trichostrongylus tenuis was measured as the proportion of ingested infective 3rd-stage larvae which failed to develop to adult worms. Individual grouse showed wide, repeatable variations in resistance. Seasonal variations may also have occurred. Red grouse acquired little or no effective immunity to reinfection after challenge with a single dose of infective larvae. In trickle-dosed grouse, however, adult worms weakly inhibited the establishment of incoming larvae in an intensity-dependent fashion. Despite this, the proportion of larvae established in trickle infections was similar to that in single-dose challenges.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1989

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adams, D. B. (1982). Time of onset and target of immune reactions in sheep with acquired immunity against Haemonchus contortus. International Journal for Parasitology 12, 439–43.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Albers, G. A. A., Gray, G. D., Piper, L. R., Barker, J. S. F., Le Jambre, L. F. & Barger, I. A. (1987). The genetics of resistance and resilience to Haemonchus contortus infection in young merino sheep. International Journal for Parasitology 17, 1355–63.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Anderson, R. M. (1982). Epidemiology. In Modern Parasitology (ed. Cox, F. E. G.), pp. 204–51. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications.Google Scholar
Behnke, J. M. (1987). Evasion of immunity by nematode parasites causing chronic infections. Advances in Parasitology 26, 171.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brindley, P. J. & Dodson, C. (1981). Genetic control of liability to infection with Nematospiroides dubius in mice: selection of refractory and liable populations of mice. Parasitology 83, 5165.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Coles, G. C., East, J. M. & Jenkins, S. N. (1975). The mechanism of action of the anthelmintic levamisole. General Pharmacology 6, 309–13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Donald, A. D. & Waller, P. J. (1982). Problems and prospects in the control of helminthiasis in sheep. In Biology and Control of Endoparasites (ed. Symons, L. E. A., Donald, A. D. & Duncan, J. K.), pp. 157–86.Sydney: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Douch, P. G. C., Harrison, G. B. L., Buchanan, L. L. & Greer, K. S. (1983). In vitro bioassay of sheep gastrointestinal mucus for nematode paralysing activity mediated by substances with some properties characteristic of SRS-A. International Journal for Parasitology 13, 207–12.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Douch, P. G. C., Harrison, G. B. L., Elliott, D. C., Buchanan, L. L. & Greer, K. S. (1986). Relationship of gastrointestinal histology and mucus antiparasite activity with the development of resistance to trichostrongyle infections in sheep. Veterinary Parasitology 20, 315–31.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hudson, P. J., Dobson, A. P. & Newborn, D. (1985). Cyclic and non-cyclic populations of red grouse: a role for parasitism? In Ecology and Genetics of Host—Parasite Interactions (ed. Rollinson, D. & Anderson, R. M.), pp. 7789. London: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Lake, A. M., Block, K. J., Sinclair, K. J. & Walker, W. A. (1980). Anaphylactic release of intestinal goblet cell mucus. Immunology 39, 173–8.Google ScholarPubMed
Le Jambre, L. F., Southcott, W. H. & Piper, L. R. (1974). Heritability of resistance of sheep to Haemonchus contortus infection. CSIRO Division of Animal Health Annual Report, pp. 83–4.Google Scholar
Matthews, D., Brunsdon, R. V. & Vlassoff, A. (1979). Effect of dexamethasone on the ability of sheep to resist reinfection with nematodes. Veterinary Parasitology 5, 6572.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, H. R. P. & Nawa, Y. (1979). Nippostrongylus brasiliensis: intestinal goblet cell responses in adoptively immunised rats. Experimental Parasitology 47, 8190.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries And Food (1977). Manual of Veterinary Parasitological Laboratory Techniques, Technical Bulletin 18.Google Scholar
Moss, R. (1969). Rearing red grouse and ptarmigan in captivity. Avicultural Magazine 75, 256–61.Google Scholar
Ogilvie, B. M. (1965). Use of cortisone derivatives to inhibit resistance to Nippostrongylus brasiliensis and to study the fate of parasites in resistant hosts. Parasitology 55, 723–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shaw, J. L. (1988). Epidemiology of the caecal threadworm Trichostrongylus tenuis in red grouse (Lagopus lagopus scoticus Lath.). Ph.D. thesis, University of Aberdeen.Google Scholar
Shaw, J. L. & Moss, R. (1989). The role of parasite fecundity and longevity in the success of Trichostrongylus tenuis in low density red grouse populations. Parasitology 99, 253–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Soulsby, E. J. L. & Stewart, D. F. (1960). Serological studies of the self-cure reaction in sheep infected with Haemonchus contortus. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 11, 593603.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Todd, K. S., Mansfield, M. E. & Levine, N. D. (1978). Haemonchus contortus infections in Targhee and Targhee-Barbados Black-Belly cross lambs. American Journal of Veterinary Research 39, 865–6.Google ScholarPubMed
Watson, A. & Miller, G. R. (1976). Grouse Management. Fordingbridge: The Game Conservancy.Google Scholar
Watson, H. (1988). The ecology and pathophysiology of Trichostrongylus tenuis. Ph.D. thesis, University of Leeds.Google Scholar
Watson, H., Lee, D. L. & Hudson, P. J. (1987). The effect of Trichostrongylus tenuis on the caecal mucosa of young, old and anthelmintic-treated wild red grouse, Lagopus lagopus scoticus. Parasitology 94, 405–11.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wilson, G. R. (1979). Effects of the caecal threadworm Trichostrongylus tenuis on red grouse. Ph.D. thesis, University of Aberdeen.Google Scholar
Wilson, G. R. (1983). The prevalence of caecal threadworms (Trichostrongylus tenuis) in red grouse. Oecologia 58, 265–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilson, G. R. & Wilson, L. P. (1978). Haematology, weight and condition of captive red grouse (Lagopus lagopus scoticus) infected with caecal threadworms (Trichostrongylus tenuis). Research in Veterinary Science 25, 331–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Windon, R. G. & Dineen, J. K. (1984). Parasitological and immunological competence of lambs selected for high and low responsiveness to vaccination with irradiated Trichostrongylus colubriformis larvae. In Immunogenetic Approaches to the Control of Endoparasites (ed. Dineen, J. K. & Outteridge, P. M.), pp. 1328. Melbourne: CSIRO.Google Scholar