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Chemical guidance of Onchocerca lienalis microfilariae to the thorax of Simulium vittatum

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

T. Lehmann ,
S. M. Cupp  and
W. E. Cupp
T. Lehmann
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
S. M. Cupp
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
W. E. Cupp
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
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Summary

The behavioural responses of Onchocerca lienalis microfilariae (mf) to tissue factors of the surrogate black fly host, Simulium vittatum, were studied using a novel in vitro bioassay. Mf accumulated towards thoracic tissues to a density 4 times higher than towards abdominal tissues, despite the larger surface area and volume of abdominal tissues. Mf migrated toward thoracic tissues regardless of whether or not contact with thoracic tissues was possible. Therefore, mf directed themselves toward the thorax rather than arresting their movement after they make contact with thoracic tissues. Chemical cue(s) provided a principal guidance for mf to locate thoracic tissues. Mf lost their ability to differentiate thoracic and abdominal tissues following addition of thoracic attractant(s) to excised abdomens and reversed their differential response when excised thoraces were depleted of chemical cue(s). Mf did not respond to salivary gland product, but to other thoracic factor(s). Intact thorax that was connected to 1–2 abdominal segments attracted considerably less mf than excised thorax. However, intact thorax attracted more mf than excised abdomen. Abdominal tissue size did not affect thorax attractiveness. Involvement of a large molecular weight protein(s) was suggested by the high attractiveness of the 100 kDa Centricon concentrator retentate and complete precipitation of attractant(s) by ethanol.

Keywords

chemotaxismigrationmicrofilariaenematodeOnchocercaorientationnavigationsite location.
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 110 , Issue 3 , April 1995 , pp. 329 - 337
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1995

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