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The evolution of the ore-forming system in the low sulfide horizon of the Noril'sk 1 intrusion, Russia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 July 2019

Nadezhda D. Tolstykh Open the ORCID record for Nadezhda D. Tolstykh [Opens in a new window] ,
Liudmila M. Zhitova ,
Maria O. Shapovalova  and
Ivan F. Chayka
Nadezhda D. Tolstykh*
Affiliation:
VS Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), 3 Koptyuga Avenue, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia Novosibirsk State University, 1 Pirogova street, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
Liudmila M. Zhitova
Affiliation:
VS Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), 3 Koptyuga Avenue, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia Novosibirsk State University, 1 Pirogova street, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
Maria O. Shapovalova
Affiliation:
VS Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), 3 Koptyuga Avenue, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia Novosibirsk State University, 1 Pirogova street, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
Ivan F. Chayka
Affiliation:
VS Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), 3 Koptyuga Avenue, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia Institute of Experimental Mineralogy RAS, 4, Academica Osypyana ul., Chernogolovka, Moscow Region, 142432, Russia
*
*Author for correspondence: Nadezhda D. Tolstykh, Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

We present here new data on the low-sulfide mineralisation in the upper endocontact of the Noril'sk 1 intrusion. Twenty four mineral species of platinum-group elements and their solid solutions, as well as numerous unnamed phases, including an Sb analogue of vincentite, As and Sn analogues of mertieite-I and a Sn analogue of mertieite-II have been found. It is shown that the features of the mineral association: (1) the atypical trend of TiO2 and Fe2+ in chromian spinel; (2) the composition of the Pt–Fe alloys with a Fe/Fe + Pt range of 0.26–0.37 (logfO2 ≈ – (9–10); and (3) crystallisation of high-temperature sperrylite from silicate melt (at >800°C and logfS2 < –10.5), which is possible under fO2 of FMQ to FMQ-2 in mafic magma, are due to the reducing conditions of their formation and evolution. Droplet-like inclusions of silicate-oxide minerals in сhromian spinels and sulfides in platinum-group minerals are interpreted to be trapped droplets of co-existing sulfide melt. The captured sulfide melt has evolved in the direction of increasing the fugacity of sulfur: troilite + pentlandite (Fe>Ni) – in sperrylite (paragenesis I) to monoclinic pyrrhotite + pentlandite (Ni≈Fe) + chalcopyrite – in Pt–Fe alloys (paragenesis II). Paragenesis from the sulfide aggregates in the silicate matrix are more fractionated: pyrrhotite + pyrrhotite (Ni>Fe) + chalcopyrite (III) and pyrite + pentlandite (Ni>>Fe) + millerite (IV). Pd arsenides and antimonides crystallised later than sperrylite and isoferroplatinum, as a result of the evolution of a sulfide melt with an increased activity of the element ligands (Te, Sn, Sb and As).

Keywords

Noril'sk 1 intrusionlow-sulfide horizonplatinum-group minerals (PGM)unnamed PGE phaseschromian spinelssulfide inclusion in PGMreducing conditions
Type
Article
Information
Mineralogical Magazine , Volume 83 , Issue 5 , October 2019 , pp. 673 - 694
Copyright
Copyright © Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2019 

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Brian O'Driscoll

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