Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-mlc7c Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-14T03:26:14.442Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Warp-Free TEM Sample Preparation Methods Using FIB/SEM Systems

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 September 2022

Steven R. Cook Open the ORCID record for Steven R. Cook [Opens in a new window]
Steven R. Cook*
Affiliation:
Intel Corp Ringgold Standard Institution, 2501 NE Century Blvd, Hillsboro, OR 97124, USA
*
Email: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

Warping is a limiting factor when preparing transmission electron microscopy (TEM) samples using focused ion beam (FIB)/scanning electron microscope (SEM) systems. The conventional FIB sputtering process leaves at least one side of the lamella too thin to provide structural support to offset inherent stresses. As a result, warping can occur impacting imagining and reducing the potential size of lamellae. For example, capturing more than a few back-end metal layers in a 3 μm wide cross-section lamella can be difficult. Frequently, TEM analysts must perform multiple stage adjustments to analyze such a sample. In this paper, two methods are presented that enable FIB/SEM operators to prepare TEM samples where the thinned region of interest is surrounded by thick structures. As a result, these methods reduce warping and enable the fabrication of TEM lamellae not possible by conventional means. For example, these methods have been used to produce a 10 μm wide by 8 μm tall cross-section TEM sample that captured front-end transistors and 14 back-end metal layers. Furthermore, warping was so limited that only one alignment was needed by the TEM analyst to complete the imaging of the sample. The methods, called the horizontal bracing and window methods, make use of the deposition of low-Z amorphous films that are electron transparent in the TEM.

Keywords

FIB/SEMhorizontal braceTEM sample warpingwindow method
Type
Software and Instrumentation
Information
Microscopy and Microanalysis , Volume 28 , Issue 6 , December 2022 , pp. 1961 - 1970
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Microscopy Society of America

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bals, S, Tirry, W, Geurts, R, Yang, Z & Schryvers, D (2007). High-quality sample preparation by low kV FIB thinning for analytical TEM measurements. Microsc Microanal 13, 80–86.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dutka, M & Prokhodtseva, A (2019). AutoTEM 5 – fully automated TEM sample preparation for materials science. Microsc Microanal 25(S2), 554–555.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kamino, T, Yaguchi, T, Ohnishi, T, Umemura, K & Tomimatsu, S (2000). Site specific TEM specimen preparation using an FIB/TEM system. Microsc Microanal 6(S2), 510–511.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mayer, J, Giannuzzi, LA, Kamino, T & Michael, J (2007). TEM sample preparation and FIB-induced damage. MRS Bull 32, 400–407.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Salzer, R, Graff, A, Simon, M & Altmann, F (2010). Quantitative assessment of TEM-sample warping caused by FIB preparation. Microsc Microanal 16(S2), 172–173.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schaffer, M, Schaffer, B & Ramasse, Q (2012). Sample preparation for atomic-resolution STEM at low voltages by FIB. Ultramicroscopy 114, 62–71.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zhang, Y, Popielarski, B, Davidson, K, Men, L, Zhao, W & Baumann, F (2020). Development of ultra-thin TEM lamella preparation technique and Its application in failure analysis. Microsc Microanal 26(S2), 1400–1402.CrossRefGoogle Scholar