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Ultrasound Biomicroscopy of Cancer Therapy Effects: Correlation between Light and Electron Microscopy, and a New Non-Invasive Ultrasound Imaging Method for Detecting Apoptosis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 July 2020

G.J. Czarnota ,
M.C. Kolios ,
Y.M. Heng ,
K. Devaraj ,
C. Tam ,
L. Tan ,
F.P. Ottensmeyer ,
J.W. Hunt  and
M.D. Sherar
G.J. Czarnota
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Chemical Engineering, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaM5B 2K3 Department of Mathematics, Physics and Computer Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaM5B 2K3 Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Canada and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaM5G 2M9
M.C. Kolios
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics, Physics and Computer Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaM5B 2K3 Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Canada and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaM5G 2M9
Y.M. Heng
Affiliation:
Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Canada and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaM5G 2M9
K. Devaraj
Affiliation:
Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Canada and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaM5G 2M9
C. Tam
Affiliation:
Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Canada and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaM5G 2M9
L. Tan
Affiliation:
Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Canada and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaM5G 2M9
F.P. Ottensmeyer
Affiliation:
Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Canada and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaM5G 2M9
J.W. Hunt
Affiliation:
Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Canada and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaM5G 2M9
M.D. Sherar
Affiliation:
Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Canada and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaM5G 2M9
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Extract

We have discovered that high-frequency ultrasound imaging, or ultrasound biomicroscopy, can be used to detect apoptosis in a number of experimental systems. We have shown that such detection with 30-40 MHz ultrasound is possible using cells in an in vitro system (AML-3 leukemia cells) made to undergo apoptosis in response to treatment with a variety of cancer killing chemotherapeutic drugs. We have shown that ultrasound biomicroscopy can also detect programmed cell death in tissues made to undergo apoptosis in response to photodynamic therapy, currently an experimental cancer treating regimen. Lastly, we have shown that this ultrasound imaging approach works in vivo, using living animals where apoptosis has been induced similarly using photodynamic therapy. Specifically, apoptotic cells and regions of apoptosis in tissues exhibit up to a 36-fold increase in ultrasound backscatter intensity permitting this type of cell death to be readily discriminated from surrounding viable tissue.

Type
Advanced Microscopy and Image Analysis of Cells and Tissue
Information
Microscopy and Microanalysis , Volume 6 , Issue S2: Proceedings: Microscopy & Microanalysis 2000, Microscopy Society of America 58th Annual Meeting, Microbeam Analysis Society 34th Annual Meeting, Microscopical Society of Canada/Societe de Microscopie de Canada 27th Annual Meeting, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania August 13-17, 2000 , August 2000 , pp. 1014 - 1015
Copyright
Copyright © Microscopy Society of America

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References

References:

1.Czarnota, G.J, Kolios, M.C., Abraham, J., Portnoy, M., Ottensmeyer, F.P., Hunt, J.W., and Sherar, M.D.Ultrasound imaging of apoptosis: high-resolution non-invasive monitoring of programmed cell death in vitro, in situ, and in vivo Brit. J. Cancer 81 (1999) 520–527.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2.Czarnota, G.J.. Kolios, M.C., Vaziri, H., Benchimol, S., Ottensmeyer, F.P., Sherar, M.D., and Hunt, J.W.Ultrasound biomicroscopy of viable, dead, and apoptotic cells. Ultrasound Med. Biol. 23 (1997) 961–965.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
3.Czarnota, G.J., and Ottensmeyer, F.P.Structural states of the nucleosome J. Biol. Chew. 271 (1996) 3677–3683.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed