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Nanobiotechnology: Biological Applications of Nanofabrication

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 July 2020

J.N. Turner ,
W. Shain ,
D.H. Szarowski ,
L. Kam ,
H.C. Craighead ,
M. Isaacson ,
S. Turner ,
R. Davis ,
C. James  and
G. Banker
J.N. Turner
Affiliation:
Wadsworth Center and Public Health School, The University at Albany, Albany, NY, 12201
W. Shain
Affiliation:
Wadsworth Center and Public Health School, The University at Albany, Albany, NY, 12201
D.H. Szarowski
Affiliation:
Wadsworth Center and Public Health School, The University at Albany, Albany, NY, 12201
L. Kam
Affiliation:
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180
H.C. Craighead
Affiliation:
Applied and Engineering Physics, Ithaca, NY, 14853
M. Isaacson
Affiliation:
Applied and Engineering Physics, Ithaca, NY, 14853
S. Turner
Affiliation:
Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853
R. Davis
Affiliation:
Applied and Engineering Physics, Ithaca, NY, 14853
C. James
Affiliation:
Applied and Engineering Physics, Ithaca, NY, 14853
G. Banker
Affiliation:
Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, 97201
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Extract

Nanobiotechnology is the fusion of biology and nanofabrication (Hoch, et al. 1996). Nanofabricated devices are increasingly being used in biological studies, and surface modification methods are important for interfacing inorganic devices with tissues.

Nanofabricated implants are used to study brain physiology (Najafi and Wise, 1986). These implants can have cross-sectional dimensions as small as 15 μm. However, the implants cause glial scars that inhibit their operation. Figure 1 shows a model implant, with a trapezoidal cross section (base=200 μm, height=130 μm, top=60 μm, length=2 mm), for studying scar formation. Implants were inserted into the brains of rats and tissue was harvested after 1 hr. to 12 wks. Figure 2 shows a thick (100 μm) section of brain prepared 7 days after implantation; the section was immunolabeled for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and imaged in a Bio-Rad confocal microscope. The implantation site is surrounded by GFAP positive material indicative of reactive astrocytes.

Type
Miniaturized Artificial Machines in Biology
Information
Microscopy and Microanalysis , Volume 4 , Issue S2: Proceedings: Microscopy & Microanalysis '98, Microscopy Society of America 56th Annual Meeting, Microbeam Analysis Society 32nd Annual Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia July 12-16, 1998 , July 1998 , pp. 890 - 891
Copyright
Copyright © Microscopy Society of America

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References

Najafi, K. and Wise IEEE, K.D.J. Solid-State Circuits SC-21#6 (1986)1035.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
St John, P. et al., J. Neurosci. Methods 75 (1997)171.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoch, , et al., Nanofabrication and Biosystems. Cambridge University Press, 1996.Google Scholar