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Microbial Reduction of Chromium(VI): In-Situ Environmental Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy Study Using Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 July 2020

Tyrone L. Daulton ,
Brenda J. Little ,
Kristine Lowe  and
Joanne Jones-Meehan
Tyrone L. Daulton
Affiliation:
Marine Geosciences Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Stennis Space Center, MS, 39529, USA
Brenda J. Little
Affiliation:
Oceanography Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Stennis Space Center, MS, 39529, USA
Kristine Lowe
Affiliation:
Chemistry Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
Joanne Jones-Meehan
Affiliation:
Chemistry Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
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Abstract

The geochemistry and toxicity of chromium is controlled by its valence state. Chromium is a redox active 3d transition metal with a wide range (− to +6) of possible oxidation states; however only Cr(III) and Cr(VI) are stable. Hexavalent Cr(VI) can be readily reduced to the trivalent state by Fe2+, S2−, organic compounds, wetland plants, and several species of microorganisms. The associated mechanisms of Cr(VI) reduction are technologically and biologically important because they convert a toxic, mobile element into a less toxic, immobile form.

Reduction of Cr(VI) by the bacterium, Shewanella oneidensis (previously classified Shewanella putrefaciens strain MR-1), was studied by absorption spectrophotometry and in-situ, environmental cell (EC) - transmission electron microscopy (TEM) coupled with electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). Shewanella oneidensis (S. oneidensis), a gram-negative, facultative bacterium is capable of respiring aerobically and anaerobically using a variety of compounds, including O2, Fe(III), Mn(IV), NO2−, NO3−, SO2, SO32−, thiosulfate (S2O32−), trimethyamine oxide, fumarate, U(VI), and Cr(VI) as terminal electron acceptors.

Type
Advances in Imaging Techniques for Biomaterlals (Organized by S. Eppel)
Information
Microscopy and Microanalysis , Volume 7 , Issue S2: Proceedings: Microscopy & Microanalysis 2001, Microscopy Society of America 59th Annual Meeting, Microbeam Analysis Society 35th Annual Meeting, Long Beach, California August 5-9, 2001 , August 2001 , pp. 134 - 135
Copyright
Copyright © Microscopy Society of America 2001

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References

references

1.)Fendorf, S.et al., Internat. Geol. Rev. 42 (2000) 691–701CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2.)Venkateswaran, K.et al., Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 49 (1999) 705–724CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3.) Work supported under NRL 0602233N and ONR & ASEE Postdoctorial Fellowship programs.Google Scholar