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The Centriole-Centrosome Complex is Affected by Microgravity During Cell Division and in Cilia of Sea Urchin Embryos: Results from Space Flight Experiments

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 July 2020

Heide Schatten ,
Amitabha Chakrabarti ,
Meghan Taylor ,
Michael Crosser  and
Kirk Mitchell
Heide Schatten
Affiliation:
Dept. of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO65211
Amitabha Chakrabarti
Affiliation:
Dept. of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO65211
Meghan Taylor
Affiliation:
Dept. of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO65211
Michael Crosser
Affiliation:
Dept. of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO65211
Kirk Mitchell
Affiliation:
Dept. of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO65211
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Extract

Sea urchins have been used for over a century as a remarkable animal model system in which to study cell, molecular, and developmental biology. The studies presented here have used sea urchin eggs and embryos for pioneering experiments to explore the effects of microgravity on the cytoskeleton during a space flight on the space shuttle Endeavor. The culture conditions followed those described previously utilizing the Aquatic Research Facility (ARF) to fertilize and culture eggs and embryos up to the pluteus stage under controlled temperature (12°C) and fixation conditions. To achieve a final fixation with 0.5% glutaraldehyde and 4μM taxol, concentrated fixation fluid was injected at preselected time points to preserve microtubules, centrioles, centrosomes, microfilaments, mitochondria, and cell membranes.

The analysis of the results revealed that the centriole-centrosome complex during cell division and cilia formation showed alterations in samples that had been exposed to microgravity while control cells cultured in a centrifuge at lg in space and those cultured on ground appeared normal.

Type
Biological Ultrastructure/Microbiology
Information
Microscopy and Microanalysis , Volume 4 , Issue S2: Proceedings: Microscopy & Microanalysis '98, Microscopy Society of America 56th Annual Meeting, Microbeam Analysis Society 32nd Annual Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia July 12-16, 1998 , July 1998 , pp. 1132 - 1133
Copyright
Copyright © Microscopy Society of America

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References

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7. This work was supported by NASA grant NAG 10/0224Google Scholar