Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dlnhk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T09:41:14.862Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Ultrastructural and Biochemical Alterations in Rats Exposed to Crude Extract of Carex baccans and Potentilla fulgens

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 October 2012

Bishnupada Roy ,
Bikash Ranjan Giri ,
Mitali Chetia  and
Ananta Swargiary
Bishnupada Roy*
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong-793 022, Meghalaya, India
Bikash Ranjan Giri
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong-793 022, Meghalaya, India
Mitali Chetia
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong-793 022, Meghalaya, India
Ananta Swargiary
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong-793 022, Meghalaya, India
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

The use of plants as a source of medicine is an important component of the health care system in rural India. Carex baccans (Cyperaceae) and Potentilla fulgens (Rosaceae) have been known since ancient times in northeast India for their antitumor, antidiabetic, and antihelmintic properties. The present study was designed to determine the subacute toxicity profile of the root tuber extract of C. baccans and root-peel extract of P. fulgens in Wistar rats. The subacute oral toxicity was conducted using sublethal doses of 40, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 400 mgkg−1 body weights. Surface topographical and ultrastructural observations of liver and intestinal microvilli showed remarkable deformation and disruption, accompanied by quantitative changes in the liver enzymes, i.e., aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in comparison to those of the control group. Apoptotic cell death was observed in the liver cells of rats exposed to both of the plant extracts. A significant increase in splenic lymphocyte count was also observed in rats exposed to the highest concentration of both extracts. The results showed that consumption of the plant extracts at higher doses may cause toxicological effect if treatment continues for a long time.

Keywords

antihelminticCarex baccansPotentilla fulgenssubacute toxicitysurface topographyultrastructure
Type
Biological Applications
Information
Microscopy and Microanalysis , Volume 18 , Issue 5 , October 2012 , pp. 1067 - 1076
Copyright
Copyright © Microscopy Society of America 2012

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adeneye, A.A., Agbaje, E.O. & Elias, S.O. (2008). Oral toxicity studies of a Nigerian polyherbal health tonic tea extract in rats. Afr J Med Med Sci 37(1), 55–63.Google Scholar
Ajagbonna, O.P., Onifade, K.I. & Suleiman, U. (1999). Hematological and biochemical changes in rats given extract of Calotropis procera . Sokoto J Vet Sci 1(1), 36–42.Google Scholar
Alexis, V., Adyary, F., Blanca, R.P., Maria, E.M., Bienvenido, G., Felicia, R., Yamilet, G. & Pia, V.M. (2003). Studies on the toxicity of Punica granatum L. (Punicaceae) whole fruit extracts. J Ethnopharmacol 89(2-3), 295–300.Google Scholar
Andrusishina, I.N. (2010). Diagnostic values of calcium and magnesium forms determined in human serum and saliva. J Elem 15(3), 425–433.Google Scholar
Challam, M., Roy, B. & Tandon, V. (2008). Transmission electron microscopic observation on the in vitro anthelmintic effect of Carex baccans (Cyperaceae) on the cestode parasite Raillietina tetragona. National Symposium on Advances in Zoology: Faunal Diversity and Ecophysiology, March 13–14, 2008, NEHU, Shillong, p. 55. Google Scholar
Choudhari, C.V. & Deshmukh, P.B. (2008). Effect of Semecarpus anacardium pericarp oil extract on histology and some enzymes of kidney in albino rat. J Herb Med Toxicol 2(1), 27–32.Google Scholar
Dash, D.K., Yeligar, V.C., Nayak, S.S., Ghosh, T., Rajalingam, D., Sengupta, P., Maiti, B.C. & Maity, T.K. (2007). Evaluation of hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of Ichnocarpus frutescens (Linn.) on paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Trop J Pharm Res 6(3), 755–765.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davie, J.V. & Lewis, S.M. (1975). Practical Haematology, 5th ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone.Google Scholar
Dey, S., Basubaul, T.S., Roy, B. & Dey, D. (1989). A new rapid method of air-drying for scanning electron microscopy using tetramethylsilane. J Microsc 156(2), 259–261.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
FAO. (2004). Trade in Medicinal Plants. Rome: Economic and Social Department, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Available at www.fao.org/docrep/008/af285e/af285e00.htm.Google Scholar
Ferreira, M., De Oliveira, P.R., Denardi, S.E., Bechara, G.H. & Mathias, M.I. (2012). Action of the chemical agent fipronil (active ingredient of acaricide Frontline®) on the liver of mice: An ultrastructural analysis. Microsc Res Techniq 75(2), 197–205.Google Scholar
Fiorentino, A., Ricci, A., D'Abrosca, B., Pacifico, S., Golino, A., Letizia, M., Piccolella, S. & Monaco, P. (2008). Potential food additives from Carex distachya roots: Identification and in vitro antioxidant properties. J Agr Food Chem 56(17), 8218–8225.Google Scholar
Freitas, A. & Chen, J. (2002). Introduction: Regulation of lymphocyte homeostasis. Microbes Infect 4, 529–530.Google Scholar
Hashemi, S.R., Zulkifli, I., Hair Bejo, M., Farida, A. & Somchit, M.N. (2008). Acute toxicity and phytochemical screening of selected herbal aqueous extract in broilor chicken. Int J Pharmacol 4, 352–360.Google Scholar
Kennedy, S., McConnell, S., Anderson, H., Kennedy, D.G., Young, P.B. & Blanchflower, W.J. (1997). Histopathologic and ultrastructure alterations of white lamb diseases in sheep experimentally depleted of cobalt. Vet Pathol 34(6), 575–584.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Konovalova, S.O. (2002). Comparative analyses of information derived from studying various biosubstrates for monitoring mineral exchange. Ukr Biochem J 4(4), 145–146.Google Scholar
Li, L., Henry, G.E. & Seeram, N.P. (2009). Identification and bioactivities of resveratrol oligomers and flavonoids from Carex folliculata seeds. J Agr Food Chem 57(16), 7282–7287.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McGregor, A.H., More, L.J., Simpson, K.J. & Harrison, D.J. (2003). Liver-death and regeneration in paracetamol toxicity. Hum Exp Toxicol 22, 221–227.Google Scholar
Orisakwe, O.E., Hussaini, D.C. & Afonne, O.J. (2003). Testicular effects of sub-chronic administration of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx aqueous extract in rats. Reprod Toxicol 18(2), 295–298.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parekh, J. & Chanda, S. (2006). In-vitro antimicrobial activities of extracts of Launaea procumbens Roxb. (Labiateae), Vitis vinifera L. (Vitaceae) and Cyperus rotundus L. (Cyperaceae). Afr J Biomed Res 9, 89–93.Google Scholar
Rates, S.K.M. (2001). Plants as source of drugs. Toxicon 39, 603–613.Google Scholar
Reitman, S. & Frankel, S. (1957). A colorimetric method for the determination of serum glutamic oxaloacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminase. Am J Clin Path 28, 56–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robins, C. & Brooker, J.D. (2005). The effects of Acacia aneura feeding on abomasal and intestinal structure and function in sheep. Anim Feed Sci Technol 121(1-2), 205–215.Google Scholar
Rosangkima, G. & Prasad, S.B. (2004). Antitumor activity of some medicinal plants from Meghalaya and Mizoram against murine ascites Dalton's lymphoma. Indian J Exp Biol 42, 981–988.Google Scholar
Roy, B., Dasgupta, S. & Giri, B.R. (2012). Electron microscopic observations on the alterations of tegumental surface of Raillietina echinobothrida treatment with root peel extract of Potentilla fulgens . Microsc Res Tech 75(7), 1000–1005.Google Scholar
Roy, B., Dasgupta, S. & Tandon, V. (2008). Ultrastructural observations on tegumental surface of Raillietina echinobothrida and its alterations caused by root-peel extract of Millettia pachycarpa. Microsc Res Tech 71(11), 810–815.Google Scholar
Roy, B., Swargiary, A., Syiem, D. & Tandon, V. (2010). Potentilla fulgens (Family Rosaceae), a medicinal plant of northeast India: A natural anthelmintic? J Parasit Dis 34(2), 83–88.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Roy, B. & Tandon, V. (1991). Usefulness of tetramethylsilane in the preparation of helminth parasites for scanning electron microscopy. Riv Parassitol 8(12), 405–413.Google Scholar
Schlam, O.W., Jain, N.C. & Caroll, E.J. (1975). Veterinary Haematology, 3d ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lea and Tebiger Publishers.Google Scholar
Sharma, P. & Sarma, C.M. (2008). In vitro regeneration of rare medicinally potent plant of eastern Himalayan hotspot. In: Recent Advances in Plant Biotechnology and Its Applications, Kumar, A. & Sopory, S.K. (Eds.). New Delhi, India: I.K International Pub. Google Scholar
Srivastava, R. (2000). Studying the information needs of medicinal plant stakeholders in Europe. Traffic Dispatches 15, 5.Google Scholar
Stavrovskaya, I.G. & Kristal, B.S. (2005). The powerhouse takes control of the cell: Is the mitochondrial permeability transition a viable therapeutic target against neuronal dysfunction and death? Free Rad Bio Med 38(6), 687–697.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Syiem, D., Syngai, G., Khup, P.Z., Khongwir, B.S., Kharbuli, B. & Kayang, H. (2002). Hypoglycemic effects of Potentilla fulgen L. in normal and alloxan induced diabetic mice. J Ethnopharmacol 83(1-2), 55–61.Google Scholar
Tomczyk, M. & Latté, K.P. (2009). Potentilla—A review of its phytochemical and pharmacological profile. J Ethnopharmacol 122(2), 184–204.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yang, Y., Tung, J.W., Ghosn, E.E., Herzenberg, L.A. & Herzenberg, L.A. (2007). Division and differentiation of natural antibody-producing cells in mouse spleen. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104, 4542–4546.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed