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Scanning Microscopy of Wax Removal from Bioscoured Cotton Textiles

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 July 2020

Eileen K. Boylston ,
Bruce G. Ingber ,
Allan H. Lambert ,
Zuzana Hruska  and
Valeriy G. Yachmenev
Eileen K. Boylston
Affiliation:
Southern Regional Research Center, U. S. Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, Louisiana
Bruce G. Ingber
Affiliation:
Southern Regional Research Center, U. S. Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, Louisiana
Allan H. Lambert
Affiliation:
Southern Regional Research Center, U. S. Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, Louisiana
Zuzana Hruska
Affiliation:
Southern Regional Research Center, U. S. Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, Louisiana
Valeriy G. Yachmenev
Affiliation:
Southern Regional Research Center, U. S. Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Abstract

The cotton textile fiber is a field dried, single cellular, collapsed convoluted tube. It is covered with waxes, which are connected by ester linkages to pectins enmeshed in a basket weave structure of the cellulosic primary wall. Depending upon its variety, the mature cotton fiber contains between 0.5%and 1% wax by weight, and it is practically waterproof. The normal industrial method for cleaning cotton fabric involves three steps: de-sizing with amylase enzymes to remove starch sizing or boiling in an aqueous surfactant solution to remove polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) sizing; scouring with caustic soda to remove waxes; and bleaching with hydrogen peroxide to obtain uniform whiteness. The effluent from this process is environmentally toxic, but the process is necessary to prepare fabric for dyeing, durable press finishing, etc. Current research is directed towards the investigation of environmentally friendly methods of removing cotton waxes.

Type
Microscopy in the Real World: Natural Materials
Information
Microscopy and Microanalysis , Volume 7 , Issue S2: Proceedings: Microscopy & Microanalysis 2001, Microscopy Society of America 59th Annual Meeting, Microbeam Analysis Society 35th Annual Meeting, Long Beach, California August 5-9, 2001 , August 2001 , pp. 530 - 531
Copyright
Copyright © Microscopy Society of America 2001

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References

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