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Polyomaviruses As Emerging Pathogens

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 July 2020

D.N. Howell  and
S.E. Miller
D.N. Howell
Affiliation:
Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, and , Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27705
S.E. Miller
Affiliation:
Departments of Microbiology and Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710
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Abstract

Polyomaviruses are double-stranded DNA viruses of the family Papovaviridae. They replicate in cell nuclei, where they form 40-50-nm, non-enveloped, icosahedral nucleocapsids that exit the host cell by lysis (Fig. 1A-C). Polyomaviruses with pathogenic potential in both human and non-human hosts have been known for many decades. in recent years, however, new pathogenic polyomaviruses have been described in man, non-human primates, and other animals. New forms of acquired and iatrogenic immunocompromise have also led to changes in the prevalence and pattern of disease caused by well-characterized polyomaviruses. This presentation provides an overview of emerging polyomavirus diseases, illustrated with vignettes from our diagnostic practices. in many cases, the detection and monitoring of polyomavirus infections has been facilitated by ultrastructural examination.

Two well-characterized polyomaviruses cause disease in humans, almost invariably in the setting of immunosuppression. JC virus, described in 1971, is the causative agent for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a generally fatal disorder characterized by patchy, progressive destruction of the cerebral white matter.

Type
Emerging Pathogens: Something Old, Something New (Organized By S. Miller and D. Howell)
Information
Microscopy and Microanalysis , Volume 7 , Issue S2: Proceedings: Microscopy & Microanalysis 2001, Microscopy Society of America 59th Annual Meeting, Microbeam Analysis Society 35th Annual Meeting, Long Beach, California August 5-9, 2001 , August 2001 , pp. 168 - 169
Copyright
Copyright © Microscopy Society of America 2001

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References

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