Encapsulated Fullerenes Within Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes

Extract

It is well documented that the pulsed laser vaporization of graphite produces both carbon nanotubes and C₆₀ in the presence of certain metallic catalysts. In nanotube production most of the Ceo is removed along with other residual contaminants during succeeding purification and annealing steps. The possibility of C₆₀ becoming trapped inside a nanotube during this elaborate sequence has been considered but not previously detected.

Nanotubes are observed with high resolution transmission electron microscopy under conditions chosen to minimize both exposure time and irradiation damage. Since a nanotube satisfies the weak phase object approximation, its image is a projection of the specimen -potential in the direction of the electron beam. The image has maximum contrast where the beam encounters the most carbon atoms, which occurs where it is tangent to the tube’s walls. Thus, the image consists of two dark parallel lines whose separation is equal to the tube diameter, 1.4 nm.