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Modern Methods for Interrogating the Human Connectome

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 February 2016

Mark J. Lowe ,
Ken E. Sakaie ,
Erik B. Beall ,
Vince D. Calhoun ,
David A. Bridwell ,
Mikail Rubinov  and
Stephen M. Rao Open the ORCID record for Stephen M. Rao [Opens in a new window]
Mark J. Lowe
Affiliation:
Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
Ken E. Sakaie
Affiliation:
Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
Erik B. Beall
Affiliation:
Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
Vince D. Calhoun
Affiliation:
The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, New Mexico Department of ECE, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
David A. Bridwell
Affiliation:
The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, New Mexico Department of ECE, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
Mikail Rubinov
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Stephen M. Rao*
Affiliation:
Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to: Stephen M. Rao, Schey Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue/U10, Cleveland, OH 44195. E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Objectives: Connectionist theories of brain function took hold with the seminal contributions of Norman Geschwind a half century ago. Modern neuroimaging techniques have expanded the scientific interest in the study of brain connectivity to include the intact as well as disordered brain. Methods: In this review, we describe the most common techniques used to measure functional and structural connectivity, including resting state functional MRI, diffusion MRI, and electroencephalography and magnetoencephalography coherence. We also review the most common analytical approaches used for examining brain interconnectivity associated with these various imaging methods. Results: This review presents a critical analysis of the assumptions, as well as methodological limitations, of each imaging and analysis approach. Conclusions: The overall goal of this review is to provide the reader with an introduction to evaluating the scientific methods underlying investigations that probe the human connectome. (JINS, 2016, 22, 105–119)

Keywords

Human connectomeResting state fMRIDiffusion MRIEEG/MEG coherenceComplex network analysisIndependent components analysis
Type
Critical Reviews
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 22 , Special Issue 2: Human Brain Connectivity in the Modern Era: Relevance to Understanding Health and Disease , February 2016 , pp. 105 - 119
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2016 

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