Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-r5fsc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T18:23:43.548Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Compressive strength of hollow microlattices: Experimental characterization, modeling, and optimal design

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 June 2013

Lorenzo Valdevit ,
Scott W. Godfrey ,
Tobias A. Schaedler ,
Alan J. Jacobsen  and
William B. Carter
Lorenzo Valdevit*
Affiliation:
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697
Scott W. Godfrey
Affiliation:
Computer Science Department, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697
Tobias A. Schaedler
Affiliation:
Sensors and Materials Lab, HRL Laboratories, LLC, Malibu, California 90265
Alan J. Jacobsen
Affiliation:
Sensors and Materials Lab, HRL Laboratories, LLC, Malibu, California 90265
William B. Carter
Affiliation:
Sensors and Materials Lab, HRL Laboratories, LLC, Malibu, California 90265
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

Recent advances in multiscale manufacturing enable fabrication of hollow-truss based lattices with dimensional control spanning seven orders of magnitude in length scale (from ∼50 nm to ∼10 cm), thus enabling the exploitation of nano-scale strengthening mechanisms in a macroscale cellular material. This article develops mechanical models for the compressive strength of hollow microlattices and validates them with a selection of experimental measurements on nickel microlattices over a wide relative density range (0.01–10%). The limitations of beam-theory-based analytical approaches for ultralight designs are emphasized, and suitable numerical (finite elements) models are presented. Subsequently, a novel computational platform is utilized to efficiently scan the entire design space and produce maps for optimally strong designs. The results indicate that a strong compressive response can be obtained by stubby lattice designs at relatively high densities (∼10%) or by selectively thickening the nodes at ultra-low densities.

Keywords

cellular (material type)Nistrength
Type
Invited Papers
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 28 , Issue 17: Focus Issue: Advances in the Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties of Bulk Porous Materials , 14 September 2013 , pp. 2461 - 2473
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Evans, A.G., Hutchinson, J.W., Fleck, N.A., Ashby, M.F., and Wadley, H.N.G.: The topological design of multifunctional cellular metals. Prog. Mater. Sci. 46, 309 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Evans, A.G., He, M.Y., and Deshpande, V.S.: Concepts for enhanced energy absorption using hollow micro-lattices. Int. J. Impact Eng. 37, 947 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lu, T.J., Valdevit, L., and Evans, A.G.: Active cooling by metallic sandwich structures with periodic cores. Prog. Mater. Sci. 50, 789 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Valdevit, L., Pantano, A., Stone, H.A., and Evans, A.G.: Optimal active cooling performance of metallic sandwich panels with prismatic cores. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 49, 3819 (2006).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wadley, H.N.G., Dharmasena, K.P., He, M.Y., McMeeking, R.M., Evans, A.G., and Radovitzky, R.: An active concept for limiting injuries caused by air blasts. Int. J. Impact Eng. 37, 317 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Valdevit, L., Vermaak, N., Zok, F.W., and Evans, A.G.: A materials selection protocol for lightweight actively cooled panels. J. Appl. Mech. 75, 061022 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Valdevit, L., Jacobsen, A.J., Greer, J.R., and Carter, W.B.: Protocols for the optimal design of multi-functional cellular structures: From hypersonics to micro-architected materials. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 94, 15 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deshpande, V.S., Fleck, N.A., and Ashby, M.F.: Effective properties of the octet-truss lattice material. J. Mech. Phys. Solids 49, 1747 (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zok, F.W., Rathbun, H.J., Wei, Z., and Evans, A.G.: Design of metallic textile core sandwich panels. Int. J. Solids Struct. 40, 5707 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zok, F.W., Waltner, S.A., Wei, Z., Rathbun, H.J., McMeeking, R.M., and Evans, A.G.: A protocol for characterizing the structural performance of metallic sandwich panels: Application to pyramidal truss cores. Int. J. Solids Struct. 41, 6249 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Valdevit, L., Hutchinson, J.W., and Evans, A.G.: Structurally optimized sandwich panels with prismatic cores. Int. J. Solids Struct. 41, 5105 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zok, F.W., Rathbun, H.J., He, M.Y., Ferri, E., Mercer, C., McMeeking, R.M., and Evans, A.G.: Structural performance of metallic sandwich panels with square honeycomb cores. Philos. Mag. 85, 3207 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wadley, H.N.G.: Cellular metals manufacturing. Adv. Eng. Mater. 4, 726 (2002).3.0.CO;2-Y>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wadley, H.N.G., Fleck, N.A., and Evans, A.G.: Fabrication and structural performance of periodic cellular metal sandwich structures. Compos. Sci. Technol. 63, 13 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schaedler, T.A., Jacobsen, A.J., Torrents, A., Sorensen, A.E., Lian, J., Greer, J.R., , L.Valdevit, , and Carter, W.B.: Ultralight metallic microlattices. Science 334, 962 (2011).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Torrents, A., Schaedler, T.A., Jacobsen, A.J., Carter, W.B., and Valdevit, L.: Characterization of nickel-based microlattice materials with structural hierarchy from the nanometer to the millimeter scale. Acta Mater. 60, 3511 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Greer, J.R. and De Hosson, J.T.M.: Plasticity in small-sized metallic systems: Intrinsic versus extrinsic size effect. Prog. Mater. Sci. 56, 654 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Godfrey, S.W., Scherson, I.D., and Valdevit, L.: Parallel modeling of node-forming periodic solid and hollow 3D lattices using parametric and procedural constructive solid geometries. Parallel Comput. (2013) To be Submitted.Google Scholar
Godfrey, S.W., and Valdevit, L.: A novel modeling platform for characterization and optimal design of micro-architected materials. In Proceedings of 2012 AIAA SDM Conference, Honolulu, HI; Paper 2012–2003.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Godfrey, S.W., Schaedler, T.A., Jacobsen, A.J., Carter, W.B., and Valdevit, L.: Compressive stiffness of micro-architected materials: Experimental characterization, modeling and optimal design. Int. J. Mech. Sci. (2012) Submitted.Google Scholar
Maloney, K.J., Roper, C.S., Jacobsen, A.J., Valdevit, L., Carter, W.B., and Schaedler, T.A.: Microlattices as architected thin films: Analysis of mechanical properties and high strain elastic recovery. APL Materials (2013, in press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jacobsen, A.J., Kolodziejska, J.A., Doty, R., Fink, K.D., Zhou, C., Roper, C.S., and Carter, W.B.: Interconnected self-propagating photopolymer waveguides: An alternative to stereolithography for rapid formation of lattice-based open-cellular materials. In Twenty-First Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium, Austin, TX (2010).Google Scholar
Timoshenko, S.P. and Gere, J.M.: Theory of Elastic Stability (McGraw-Hill, New York, NY, 1961).Google Scholar