Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2plfb Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T11:59:08.489Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Direct Synthesis of Barium Titanate Nanoparticles Via a Low Pressure Spray Pyrolysis Method

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 March 2011

Wei-Ning Wang ,
I. Wuled Lenggoro ,
Yoshitake Terashi ,
Yu-Cong Wang  and
Kikuo Okuyama
Wei-Ning Wang
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
I. Wuled Lenggoro
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
Yoshitake Terashi
Affiliation:
Kyocera Corporation R&D Center, Kokubu, Kagoshima 899-4312, Japan
Yu-Cong Wang
Affiliation:
Kyocera Corporation R&D Center, Kokubu, Kagoshima 899-4312, Japan
Kikuo Okuyama*
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

The one-step synthesis of barium titanate (BaTiO3) nanoparticles was studied by employing a low-pressure spray pyrolysis (LPSP) method. The effects of temperature, pressure, and the addition of urea to the precursor were investigated experimentally. The results were compared with the experimental data of the conventional (atmospheric) spray pyrolysis method. It was shown that the BaTiO3 nanoparticles could be synthesized by the low-pressure method, while only spherical hollow particles with smooth surfaces could be produced by the conventional spray method. The addition of urea greatly improved the crystal growth and particle breakup due to extra heat supplied during the combustion reaction coupled with the evolution of gases. The dispersity of nanoparticles increased with the quantity of urea and with a decrease in pressure. The possible mechanism of the formation of BaTiO3 nanoparticles in the LPSP process was also proposed.

Keywords

CeramicNanoparticleSpray pyrolysis
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 20 , Issue 10 , October 2005 , pp. 2873 - 2882
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2005

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1Arlt, G., Hennings, D. and de With, G.: Dielectric properties of fine-grained barium titanate ceramics. J. Appl. Phys. 58, 1619 (1985).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2Elissalde, C. and Ravez, J.: Ferroelectric ceramics: Defects and dielectric relaxations. J. Mater. Chem. 11, 1957 (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3Amin, A.: Piezoresistivity in semiconducting positive temperature coefficient ceramics. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 72, 369 (1989).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4Bruno, S.A. and Swanson, D.K.: High-performance multilayer capacitor dielectrics from chemically prepared powders. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 76, 1233 (1993).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5Chiang, Y.M. and Takagi, T.: Grain-boundary chemistry of barium titanate and strontium titanate: II. Origin of electrical barriers in positive-temperature-coefficient thermistors. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 73, 3286 (1990).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6Moulson, A.J. and Herbert, J.M.: Electroceramics: Materials Properties and Applications (Chapman and Hall, London, U.K., 1990).Google Scholar
7Gao, L. and Xu, H.: Preparation of spherical, solid barium titanate particles with uniform composition at high precursor concentration by spray pyrolysis. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 87, 830 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8Brzozowski, E. and Castro, M.S.: Synthesis of barium titanate improved by modifications in the kinetics of the solid state reaction. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 20, 2347 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9Nonaka, K., Hayashi, S., Okada, K. and Otsuka, N.: Characterization and control of phase segregation in the fine particles of BaTiO3 and SrTiO3 synthesis by the spray pyrolysis method. J. Mater. Res. 6, 1750 (1991).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10Chandler, C.D., Powell, Q., Hampden-Smith, M.J. and Kodas, T.T.: Generation of metal titanate powders by spray pyrolysis using single-source precursors. J. Mater. Chem. 3, 775 (1993).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11Milošević, O.B., Mirković, M.K. and Uskoković, D.P.: Characteristics and formation mechanism of BaTiO3 powders prepared by twin-fluid and ultrasonic spray pyrolysis methods. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 79, 1720 (1996).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12Brewster, J.H. and Kodas, T.T.: Generation of unagglomerated, dense, BaTiO3 particles by flame-spray pyrolysis. AIChE J. 43, 2665 (1997).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13Ogihara, T., Aikiyo, H., Ogata, N. and Mizutani, N.: Synthesis and sintering of barium titanate fine powders by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis. Adv. Powder Technol. 10, 37 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14Pilleux, M.E., Grahmann, C.R., Fuenzalida, V.M. and Avila, R.E.: Hydrothermal ABO3 ceramic thin-films. Appl. Surf. Sci. 65–6, 283 (1993).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15Dutta, P., Asiaie, R., Akbar, S.A. and Zhu, W.D.: Hydrothermal synthesis and dielectric-properties of tetragonal BaTiO3. Chem. Mater. 6, 1542 (1994).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16Eckert, J.O.Jr., Hung-Houston, C.C. and Gersten, B.L.: Kinetics and mechanisms of hydrothermal synthesis of barium titanate. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 79, 2929 (1996).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17Lu, S., Lee, B., Wang, Z. and Samuels, W.: Hydrothermal synthesis and structural characterization of BaTiO3 nanocrystals. J. Cryst. Growth 219, 269 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18Cheung, M.C., Chan, H.L.W., Zhou, Q.F. and Choy, C.L.: Characterization of barium titanate ceramic/ceramic nanocomposite films prepared by a sol-gel process. Nanostruct. Nanostruct. Mater. 11, 837 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19Lee, T., Yao, N., Imai, H. and Aksay, I.A.: Barium titanate nanoparticles in block copolymer. Langmuir 17, 7656 (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20Hennings, D. and Schreinemacher, H.: Characterization of hydrothermal barium titantae. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 9, 41 (1992).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
21Gurav, A., Kodas, T., Pluym, T. and Xiong, Y.: Aerosol processing of materials. Aerosol Sci. Technol. 19, 411 (1993).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
22Messing, G.L., Zhang, S.C. and Jayanthi, G.V.: Ceramic powder synthesis by spray pyrolysis. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 76, 2707 (1993).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
23Okuyama, K. and Lenggoro, I.W.: Preparation of nanoparticle via spray route. Chem. Eng. Sci. 58, 537 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
24Itoh, Y., Lenggoro, I.W., Okuyama, K., Madler, L. and Pratsinis, S.E.: Size tunable synthesis of highly crystalline BaTiO3 nanoparticles using salt-assisted spray pyrolysis. J. Nanoparticle Res. 5, 191 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
25Lee, S., Son, T., Yun, J.D., Kwon, H., Messing, G.L. and Jun, B.: Preparation of BaTiO3 nanoparticles by combustion spray pyrolysis. Mater. Lett. 58, 2932 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
26Kang, Y.C. and Park, S.B.: A high-volume spray aerosol generator producing small droplets for low-pressure applications. J. Aerosol Sci. 26, 1131 (1995).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
27Lenggoro, I.W., Itoh, Y., Iida, N. and Okuyama, K.: Control of size and morphology in NiO particles prepared by a low pressure spray pyrolysis. Mater. Res. Bull. 38, 1819 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
28Wang, W-N., Itoh, Y., Lenggoro, I.W. and Okuyama, K.: Nickel and nickel oxide nanoparticles prepared from nickel nitrate hexahydrate by a low pressure spray pyrolysis. Mater. Sci. Eng. B Solid 111, 69 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
29Itoh, Y., Abdullah, M. and Okuyama, K.: Direct preparation of non-agglomerated indium tin oxide nanoparticles using various spray pyrolysis methods. J. Mater. Res. 19, 1077 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
30Iskandar, F., Lenggoro, I.W., Xia, B. and Okuyama, K.: Functional nanostructured silica powders derived from colloidal suspensions by sol spraying. J. Nanoparticle Res. 3, 263 (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
31Wang, W-N., Lenggoro, I.W. and Okuyama, K.: Dispersion and aggregation of nanoparticles derived from colloidal droplets under low-pressure conditions. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 288, 423 (2005).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
32Chen, P.C., Cheng, G.Y., Kou, M.H., Shia, P.Y. and Chung, P.O.: Nuclation and morphology of barium carbonate crystals in a semi-batch crystallizer. J. Cryst. Growth 226, 458 (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
33 CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 75th ed., edited by Lide, D.R. (CRC Press, Tokyo, Japan, 2004), pp. 4-41, 5-76.Google Scholar
34Chen, Y-F., Lee, C-Y., Yeng, M-Y. and Chiu, H-T.: The effect of calcination temperature on the crystallinity of TiO2 nanopowders. J. Cryst. Growth 247, 363 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
35Gurav, A.S. Aerosol Processing of Materials: Aerosol dynamics and microstructure evolution, doctoral dissertation, The University of New Mexico (Albuquerque, NM, 1998), p. 115.Google Scholar
36Helble, J.J., Moniz, G.A., and Morency, J.R.: Process for producing nanoscale ceramic powders. U.S. Patent No. 5 358 695 (1994).Google Scholar