Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2plfb Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-05T02:40:33.888Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Spatial organization of large- and very-large-scale motions in a turbulent channel flow

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 May 2014

Jin Lee ,
Jae Hwa Lee ,
Jung-Il Choi  and
Hyung Jin Sung
Jin Lee
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
Jae Hwa Lee
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
Jung-Il Choi
Affiliation:
Department of Computational Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Korea
Hyung Jin Sung*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
*
†Email address for correspondence: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Direct numerical simulations were carried out to investigate the spatial features of large- and very-large-scale motions (LSMs and VLSMs) in a turbulent channel flow ($\def \xmlpi #1{}\def \mathsfbi #1{\boldsymbol {\mathsf {#1}}}\let \le =\leqslant \let \leq =\leqslant \let \ge =\geqslant \let \geq =\geqslant \def \Pr {\mathit {Pr}}\def \Fr {\mathit {Fr}}\def \Rey {\mathit {Re}}\mathit{Re}_{\tau }=930$). A streak detection method based on the streamwise velocity fluctuations was used to individually trace the cores of LSMs and VLSMs. We found that both the LSM and VLSM populations were large. Several of the wall-attached LSMs stretched toward the outer regions of the channel. The VLSMs consisted of inclined outer LSMs and near-wall streaks. The number of outer LSMs increased linearly with the streamwise length of the VLSMs. The temporal features of the low-speed streaks in the outer region revealed that growing and merging events dominated the large-scale (1–$3\delta $) structures. The VLSMs $({>}3\delta )$ were primarily created by merging events, and the statistical analysis of these events supported that the merging of large-scale upstream structures contributed to the formation of VLSMs. Because the local convection velocity is proportional to the streamwise velocity fluctuations, the streamwise-aligned structures of the positive- and negative-$u$ patches suggested a primary mechanism underlying the merging events. The alignment of the positive- and negative-$u$ structures may be an essential prerequisite for the formation of VLSMs.

JFM classification

Boundary Layers: Boundary layer structure Turbulent Flows: Turbulence simulation Turbulent Flows: Turbulent boundary layers
Type
Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 749 , 25 June 2014 , pp. 818 - 840
Copyright
© 2014 Cambridge University Press 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adrian, R. J., Meinhart, C. D. & Tomkins, C. D. 2000 Vortex organization in the outer region of the turbulent boundary layer. J. Fluid Mech. 422, 1–54.Google Scholar
Bailey, S. C., Kunkel, G. J., Hultmark, M., Vallikivi, M., Hill, J. P., Meyer, K. A., Tsay, C., Arnold, C. B. & Smits, A. J. 2010 Turbulence measurements using a nanoscale thermal anemometry probe. J. Fluid Mech. 663, 160–179.Google Scholar
Balakumar, B. J. & Adrian, R. J. 2007 Large- and very-large-scale motions in channel and boundary-layer flows. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A 365, 665–681.Google Scholar
Baltzer, J. R., Adrian, R. J. & Wu, X. 2013 Structural organization of large and very large scales in turbulent pipe flow simulation. J. Fluid Mech. 720, 236–279.Google Scholar
Buschmann, M. H. & Gad-el-Hak, M. 2010 Normal and cross-flow Reynolds stresses: differences between confined and semi-confined flows. Exp. Fluids 49, 213–223.Google Scholar
Christensen, K. T. & Adrian, R. J. 2001 Statistical evidence of hairpin vortex packets in wall turbulence. J. Fluid Mech. 431, 433–443.Google Scholar
Chung, D. & McKeon, B. J. 2010 Large-eddy simulation of large-scale structures in long channel flow. J. Fluid Mech. 661, 341–364.Google Scholar
del Álamo, J. C., Jiménez, J., Zandonade, P. & Moser, R. D. 2004 Scaling of the energy spectra of turbulent channels. J. Fluid Mech. 500, 135–144.Google Scholar
del Álamo, J. C., Jiménez, J., Zandonade, P. & Moser, R. D. 2006 Self-similar vortex clusters in the turbulent logarithmic region. J. Fluid Mech. 561, 329–358.Google Scholar
Dennis, D. J. C. & Nickels, T. B. 2008 On the limitations of Taylor’s hypothesis in constructing long structures in a turbulent boundary layer. J. Fluid Mech. 614, 197–206.Google Scholar
Dennis, D. J. C. & Nickels, T. B. 2011a Experimental measurement of large-scale three-dimensional structures in a turbulent boundary layer. Part 1. Vortex packets. J. Fluid Mech. 673, 180–217.Google Scholar
Dennis, D. J. C. & Nickels, T. B. 2011b Experimental measurement of large-scale three-dimensional structures in a turbulent boundary layer. Part 2. Long structures. J. Fluid Mech. 673, 218–244.Google Scholar
Duggleby, A., Ball, K. S. & Schwaenen, M. 2009 Structure and dynamics of low Reynolds number turbulent pipe flow. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 367, 473–488.Google Scholar
Elsinga, G. E., Poelma, C., Schröder, A., Geisler, R., Scarano, F. & Westerweel, J. 2012 Tracking of vortices in a turbulent boundary layer. J. Fluid Mech. 697, 273–295.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ganapathisubramani, B., Longmire, E. K. & Marusic, I. 2003 Characteristics of vortex packets in turbulent boundary layers. J. Fluid Mech. 478, 35–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guala, M., Hommema, S. E. & Adrian, R. J. 2006 Large-scale and very-large-scale motions in turbulent pipe flow. J. Fluid Mech. 554, 521–542.Google Scholar
Hellström, L. H. O., Sinha, A. & Smits, A. J. 2011 Visualizing the very-large-scale motions in turbulent pipe flow. Phys. Fluids 23, 011703.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoyas, S. & Jiménez, J. 2006 Scaling of the velocity fluctuations in turbulent channels up to $\mathit{Re}_{tau}=2003$ . Phys. Fluids 18, 011702.Google Scholar
Hultmark, M., Vallikivi, M., Bailey, S. C. C. & Smits, A. J. 2012 Turbulent pipe flow at extreme Reynolds numbers. Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 094501.Google Scholar
Hutchins, N. & Marusic, I. 2007 Evidence of very long meandering features in the logarithmic region of turbulent boundary layers. J. Fluid Mech. 579, 1–28.Google Scholar
Jeong, J. & Hussain, F. 1995 On the identification of a vortex. J. Fluid Mech. 285, 69–94.Google Scholar
Kim, J. 2012 Progress in pipe and channel flow turbulence, 1961–2011. J. Turbul. 13 (45), 1–19.Google Scholar
Kim, K. C. & Adrian, R. J. 1999 Very large-scale motion in the outer layer. Phys. Fluids 11, 417–422.Google Scholar
Kim, K., Baek, S. J. & Sung, H. J. 2002 An implicit velocity decoupling procedure for the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations. Intl J. Numer. Meth. Fluids 38, 125–138.Google Scholar
Kim, J. & Hussain, F. 1993 Propagation velocity of perturbations in turbulent channel flow. Phys. Fluids 5, 695–706.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, J., Jung, S. Y., Sung, H. J. & Zaki, T. A. 2013 Effect of wall heating on turbulent boundary layers with temperature-dependent viscosity. J. Fluid Mech. 726, 196–225.Google Scholar
Lee, J.-H. & Sung, H. J. 2009 Structures in turbulent boundary layers subjected to adverse pressure gradients. J. Fluid Mech. 639, 101–131.Google Scholar
Lee, J. H. & Sung, H. J. 2011 Very-large-scale motions in a turbulent boundary layer. J. Fluid Mech. 673, 80–120.Google Scholar
Lee, J. H. & Sung, H. J. 2013 Comparison of very-large-scale motions of turbulent pipe and boundary layer simulations. Phys. Fluids 25, 045103.Google Scholar
Marusic, I., Mathis, R. & Hutchins, N. 2010 High Reynolds number effects in wall turbulence. Intl J. Heat Fluid Flow 31, 418–428.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mathis, R., Hutchins, N. & Marusic, I. 2009 Large-scale amplitude modulation of the small-scale structures in turbulent boundary layers. J. Fluid Mech. 628, 311–337.Google Scholar
McKeon, B. J. & Sharma, A. S. 2010 A critical layer model for turbulent pipe flow. J. Fluid Mech. 658, 336–382.Google Scholar
Monty, J. P., Hutchins, N., Ng, H. C. H., Marusic, I. & Chong, M. S. 2009 A comparison of turbulent pipe, channel and boundary layer flows. J. Fluid Mech. 632, 431–442.Google Scholar
Monty, J. P., Stewart, J. A., Williams, R. C. & Chong, M. S. 2007 Large-scale features in turbulent pipe and channel flows. J. Fluid Mech. 589, 147–156.Google Scholar
Morrison, J. F., McKeon, B. J., Jiang, W. & Smits, A. J. 2004 Scaling of the streamwise velocity component in turbulent pipe flow. J. Fluid Mech. 508, 99–131.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nolan, K. P. & Zaki, T. A. 2013 Conditional sampling of transitional boundary layers in pressure gradients. J. Fluid Mech. 728, 306–339.Google Scholar
Pope, S. B. 2000 Turbulent Flows. Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schlatter, P., Li, Q., Brethouwer, G., Johansson, A. V. & Henningson, D. S. 2010 Simulations of spatially evolving turbulent boundary layers up to $\mathit{Re}_{\theta }=4300$ . Intl J. Heat Fluid Flow 31, 251–261.Google Scholar
Sharma, A. S. & McKeon, B. J. 2013 On coherent structure in wall turbulence. J. Fluid Mech. 728, 196–238.Google Scholar
Simens, M. P., Jiménez, J., Hoyas, S. & Mizuno, Y. 2009 A high-resolution code for turbulent boundary layers. J. Comput. Phys. 228, 4218–4231.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smits, A. J., McKeon, B. J. & Marusic, I. 2011 High-Reynolds number wall turbulence. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 43, 353–375.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tomkins, C. D. & Adrian, R. J. 2003 Spanwise structure and scale growth in turbulent boundary layers. J. Fluid Mech. 490, 37–74.Google Scholar
Vallikivi, M., Hultmark, M., Bailey, S. C. C. & Smits, A. J. 2011 Turbulence measurements in pipe flow using a nano-scale thermal anemometry probe. Exp. Fluids 51 (6), 1521–1527.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhou, J., Adrian, R. J., Balachandar, S. & Kendall, T. M. 1999 Mechanisms for generating coherent packets of hairpin vortices in channel flow. J. Fluid Mech. 387, 353–396.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Lee et al. supplementary movie

Streak detection

Download Lee et al. supplementary movie(Video)
Video 10 MB