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Effect of superhydrophobicity on the flow past a circular cylinder in various flow regimes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 June 2020

P. Sooraj ,
Mallah Santosh Ramagya ,
Majid Hassan Khan Open the ORCID record for Majid Hassan Khan [Opens in a new window] ,
Atul Sharma Open the ORCID record for Atul Sharma [Opens in a new window]  and
Amit Agrawal Open the ORCID record for Amit Agrawal [Opens in a new window]
P. Sooraj
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai,Mumbai4000076, India
Mallah Santosh Ramagya
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai,Mumbai4000076, India
Majid Hassan Khan
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai,Mumbai4000076, India
Atul Sharma
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai,Mumbai4000076, India
Amit Agrawal*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai,Mumbai4000076, India
*
†Email address for correspondence: [email protected]
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Abstract

The flow over a superhydrophobic and a smooth circular cylinder is investigated using particle image velocimetry-based experiments. The objective is to understand the effect of surface modification on the ensuing flow. The experiments are conducted over a wide range of Reynolds numbers, $Re=45{-}15\,500$, thereby uncovering the effect of superhydrophobicity in various flow regimes of a cylinder wake. Superhydrophobicity is found to substantially affect the flow. An increased recirculation length is observed for the superhydrophobic cylinder in the steady regime. The onset of vortex shedding is delayed for the superhydrophobic cylinder. The superhydrophobic cylinder helps in an early rolling-up of vortices; therefore, the recirculation length reduces in unsteady regimes. The velocity deficit experienced by the superhydrophobic cylinder wake is comparatively less and the effect is more profound in the $Re$ range 300–860. A maximum drag reduction of 15 % is observed at $Re=860$. The Reynolds shear stress and turbulent kinetic energy values are higher for the superhydrophobic cylinder in the unsteady regime. Also, the peaks of the turbulent wake parameters lie closer to the superhydrophobic cylinder compared to the smooth cylinder. The effect of superhydrophobicity on coherent structures is examined using proper orthogonal decomposition, and a considerable difference in the wake structure is noticed at $Re=860$. A larger number of coherent structures and change in vortex shedding pattern to $\text{P}+\text{S}$ are observed in the near wake of the superhydrophobic cylinder. The results of this study show that surface modification can reduce the drag coefficient and have a profound effect on the near wake.

JFM classification

Flow Control: Drag reduction Wakes/Jets: Wakes
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 897 , 25 August 2020 , A21
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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