Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-8ctnn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T04:43:36.707Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Using Mechanical Trading Systems to Evaluate the Weak Form Efficiency of Futures Markets

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 April 2015

Paul E. Peterson
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
Raymond M. Leuthold
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign

Extract

An efficient market has been described by Fama (1970) as one in which prices always fully reflect all available information. Of the three tests of efficiency discussed, the weak form test is concerned with the randomness of price movements and measures the ability to predict future price changes from past and present changes. There are two general ways to evaluate weak form efficiency: statistical tests and mechanical trading rules. Statistical methods, including serial correlation, spectral analysis and nonparametric runs tests, permit hypothesis testing, but Fama and Blume (p. 227) point out that they may be of limited value with complex or irregular price structures.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Southern Agricultural Economics Association 1982

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alexander, S. S.Price Movements in Speculative Markets: Trends or Random WalksIndus. Manag. Rev. 2(1961):726.Google Scholar
Alexander, S. S.Price Movements in Speculative Markets: Trends or Random Walks, No. 2.Indus. Manag. Rev. 5(1964):2546.Google Scholar
Bear, R. M. and Stevenson, R. A.. “On the Methodology of Testing for Independence in Futures Prices: Reply.J. Finan. 31(1976):980–83.Google Scholar
Cargill, T. F. and Rausser, G. C.. “Time and Frequency Domain Representation of Futures Prices as a Stochastic Process.J. Amer. Statist. Assoc. 67(1972):2330.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cargill, T. F. and Rausser, G. C.. “Temporal Price Behavior in Commodity Futures Markets.J. Finan. 30(1975): 1043-53. Chicago Mercantile Exchange Yearbook, various issues.Google Scholar
Coase, R. H. and Fowler, R. F.. “Bacon Production and the Pig Cycle in Great Britain.” Economica 2 N.S. (1935): 142–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coase, R. H. and Fowler, R. F.. “The Pig Cycle in Great Britain.Economica 4 N.S. (1937):5582.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elam, E. W.A Strong Form Test of the Efficient Market Model Applied to the U.S. Hog Futures Market.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 1973.Google Scholar
Fama, E. F.Efficient Capital Markets: A Review of Theory and Empirical Work.J. Finan. 25(1970):383417.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fama, E. F.Foundations of Finance. New York: Basic Books, 1976.Google Scholar
Fama, E. F. and Blume, M. E.. “Filter Rules and Stock Market Trading.” J. Business 39(1966):226–41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Houthakker, H. S.Systematic and Random Elements in Short-Term Price Movements.Amer. Econ. Rev., Papers and Proc. 51(1961): 164–72.Google Scholar
Leuthold, R. M.Random Walk and Price Trends: The Live Cattle Futures Market.J. Finan. 27 (1972):879–89.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leuthold, R. M.On the Methodology of Testing for Independence in Futures Prices: Reply.J. Finan. 31(1976):984, 85.Google Scholar
Leuthold, R. M. and Hartmann, P. A.. “A Semi-Strong Form Evaluation of the Efficiency of the Hog Futures Market.Amer. J. Agr. Econ. 61(1979):482–89.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mandelbrot, B. B.The Variation of Certain Speculative Prices.J. Business 36(1963):394419.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mandelbrot, B. B.Forecasts of Future Prices, Unbiased Markets, and ‘Martingale’ Models.J. Business 39(1966):242–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mann, J. S. and Heifner, R. G.. The Distribution of Shortrun Commodity Price Movements. USDA, ERS Tech. Bull. 1536, 1976.Google Scholar
Praetz, P. D.On the Methodology of Testing for Independence in Futures Prices: Comment.J. Finan. 31 (1976):977–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Praetz, P. D.A General Test of a Filter Effect.J. Finan, and Quant. Anal. 14(1979):385–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Samuelson, P. A.Proof That Properly Anticipated Prices Fluctuate Randomly.Indus. Manag. Rev. 6(1965):4149.Google Scholar
Smidt, S.A Test of the Serial Independence of Price Changes in Soybean Futures.Food Res. Inst. Stud. 5(1965): 117–36.Google Scholar
Stevenson, R. A. and Bear, R. M.. “Commodity Futures: Trends or Random Walks?J. Finan. 25(1970):6581.CrossRefGoogle Scholar