Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-gb8f7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T04:06:06.221Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Advances in studies on phylogeny and evolution of protists

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

John O. Corliss
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, U.S.A.
Get access

Extract

J. O. Corliss explained that the original title given to the Workshop (namely, the phylogeny and evolution of the protozoa) seemed out of date, since today we clearly cannot persist in separating various protozoa from many of the algae and from certain zoosporic fungi by erection of formidable taxonomic barriers at the phylum (division) or kingdom level. All such forms, the species of which are being discovered to be inextricably comingled at various levels (for the latest extensive review, see Corliss, 1984), are perhaps better assigned to a single kingdom Protista or to several kingdoms predominantly containing these ‘lower’ eukaryotes (see subsequent sections of this report, below).

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1986

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Bardele, C. F. (1977) Comparative study of axopodial microtubule patterns and possible mechanisms of pattern control in the centrohelidian Heliozoa, Acanthocystis, Raphidiophrys and Heterophrys. J. Cell Sci. 25, 205232.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Barnes, R. S. K. (Ed.) (1984) A Synoptic Classification of Living Organismsy, p. 273. Blackwell Scientific Publications Oxford and Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts.Google Scholar
Barr, D. J. S. (1981) The phylogenetic and taxonomic implications of flagellar rootlet morphology among zoosporic fungi. BioSystems 14, 359370.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brugerolle, G. and Mignot, J.-P. (1979) Observations sur le cycle, l'ultrastructure et la position systématique de Spiromonas performs (Bodo perforans Hollande 1938), flagellé parasite de Chilomonas paramaecium: ses relations avec les dinoflagellés et sporozoaires. Protistologica 15, 183196.Google Scholar
Buck, K. (1981) A study of choanoflagellates (Acanthoecidae) from the Weddell Sea, including a description of Diaphanoeca multiannulata n. sp. J. Protozool. 28, 4754.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Camp, R. R., Mattern, C. F. T. and Honigberg, B. M. (1974) Study of Dientamoeba fragilis Jepps et Dobell. I. Electron microscopic observations of the binucleate stages. II. Taxonomic position and revision of the genus. J. Protozool. 21, 6982.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cavalier-Smith, T. (1978) The evolutionary origin and phylogeny of microtubules, mitotic spindles and eukaryote flagella. Bio Systems 10, 93114.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cavalier-Smith, T. (1981) Eukaryote kingdoms: seven or nine? Bio Systems 14, 461481.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cavalier-Smith, T. (1983) A 6-kingdom classification and a unified phylogeny. In Endocytobiology Vol. II: lntracellular Space as Oligogenetic Ecosystem (Edited by Schenk, H. E. A. and Schwemmler, W.), pp. 10271034. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corliss, J. O. (1974) Time for evolutionary biologists to take more interest in protozoan phylogenetics? Taxon 23, 497522.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corliss, J. O. (1979) The Ciliated Protozoa: Characterization, Classification, and Guide to the Literature, 2nd edn, p. 455. Pergamon Press, Oxford.Google Scholar
Corliss, J. O. (1981) What are the taxonomic and evolutionary relationships of the protozoa to the Protista? Bio Systems 14, 445459.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corliss, J. O. (1983) Consequences of creating new kingdoms of organisms. Bio Science 33, 314318.Google Scholar
Corliss, J. O. (1984) The kingdom Protista and its 45 phyla. Bio Systems 17, 87126.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Corliss, J. O. (1985) Concept, definition, prevalence, and host-interactions of xenosomes (cytoplasmic and nuclear endosymbionts). J. Protozool. 32, 373376.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corliss, J. O. (1986) The kingdoms of organisms—from a microscopist's point of view. Trans. Am. microsc. Soc. 105, 110.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cox, E. R. (Ed.) (1980) Phytoflagellates, p. 473. Elsevier North-Holland, New York.Google Scholar
Dodge, J. D. (1979) The phytoflagellates: fine structure and phylogeny. In Biochemistry and Physiology of Protozoa (Edited by Levandowsky, M. and Hutner, S. H.), Vol. 1, 2nd edn, pp. 757. Academic Press, New York.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Edwards, P. (1976) A classification of plants into higher taxa based on cytological and biochemical criteria. Taxon 25, 529542.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Febvre-Chevalier, C. and Febvre, J. (1984) Axonemal microtubule pattern of Cientowskya mereschkovsky and a revision of heliozoan taxonomy. Origins of Life 13, 315338.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Foissner, W. and Foissner, I. (1984) First record of an ectoparasitic flagellate on ciliates: an ultrastructural investigation of the morphology and the mode of attachment of Spiromonas gonderi nov. spec. (Zoomastigophora, Spiromonadidae) invading the pellicle of ciliates of the genus Colpoda (Ciliophora, Colpodidae). Protistologica 20, 635648.Google Scholar
Grasse, P.-P. (Ed.) (1952) Traité de Zoologie. Anatomie, Systématique, Biologie, Vol. 1, fasc. 1. Phylogénie. Protozoaires: Généralités, Flagellés, p. 1071. Masson et Cie, Paris.Google Scholar
Hibberd, D. J. (1975) Observations on the ultrastructure of the choanoflagellate Codosiga botrytis (Ehr.) Saville Kent with special reference to the flagellar apparatus. J. Cell Sci. 17, 191213.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hibberd, D. J. (1976a) The ultrastructure and taxonomy of the Chrysophyceae and Prymnesiophyceae (Haptophyceae): a survey with some new observations on the ultrastructure of the Chrysophyceae. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 72, 5580.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hibberd, D. J. (1976b) The fine structure of the colonial colorless flagellates Rhipidodendron splendidum Stein and Spongomonas uvella Stein with special reference to the flagellar apparatus. J. Protozool. 23, 374385.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hibberd, D. J. (1984) Ultrastructure of the colonial colourless zooflagellates Phalansterium digitatum Stein (Phalansteriida ord nov.) and Spongomonas uvella Stein (Spongomonadida ord. nov.). Protistologica 19, 523535.Google Scholar
Honigberg, B. M. (1978) Trichomonads of veterinary importance. In Parasitic Protozoa (Edited by Kreier, J. P.), Vol. 2, pp. 163273. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
Honigberg, N. M. (1984) Phylogenetic relationships among protozoa. In Proceedings of the 6th International Congress on Protozoology, Warsaw, July 1981, Progress in Protozoology (Edited by Dryl, S., Kazubski, S. L., Kuznicki, L. and Ploszaj, J.), Part II, pp. 181218. Special Congress Vol. of Acta Protozool.Google Scholar
Honigberg, B. M., Balamuth, W., Bovee, E. C., Corliss, J. O., Gojdics, M., Hall, R. P., Kudo, R. R., Levine, N. D., Loeblich, A. R. Jr, Weiser, J. and Wenrich, D. H. (1964) A revised classification of the phylum Protozoa. J. Protozool. 11, 720.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Honigberg, B. M., Vickerman, K., Kulda, J. and Brugerolle, G. (1982) Cytology and taxonomy of parasitic flagellates. In Review of Advances in Parasitology (Edited by Slusarski, W.), pp. 205227. Polish Scientific Publishers, Warsaw.Google Scholar
Jeffrey, C. (1971) Thallophytes and kingdoms—a critique. Kew Bull. 25, 291299.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jeffrey, C. (1982) Kingdoms, codes and classification. Kew Bull. 37, 403416.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kivic, P. A. and Walne, P. L. (1984) An evaluation of a possible phylogenetic relationship between the Euglenophyta and Kinetoplastida. Origins of Life 13, 269288.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krylov, M. V. and Starobogatov, Y. I. (Eds) (1980) Principles of the Construction of the Macrosystem of the Unicellular Animals. Proceedings of the Zoological Institute, Vol. 94, p. 134. Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R., Leningrad.Google Scholar
Leedale, G. F. (1974) How many are the kingdoms of organisms? Taxon 23, 261270.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levine, N. D., Corliss, J. O., Cox, F. E. G., Deroux, G., Grain, J., Honigberg, B. M., Leedale, G. F., Loeblich, A. R. Hi, Lom, J., Lynn, D. H., Merinfeld, E. G., Page, F. C., Poljansky, G., Sprague, V., Vavra, J. and Wallace, F. G. (1980) A newly revised classification of the Protozoa. J. Protozool. 27, 3758.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lipscomb, D. L. (1985) The eukaryotic kingdoms. Cladistics 1, 127140.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lipscomb, D. L. and Corliss, J. O. (1982) Stephanopogon, a phylogenetically important “ciliate“, shown by ultrastructural studies to be a flagellate. Science 215, 303304.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Margulis, L. (1970) Origin of Eukaryotic Cells, p. 349. Yale University Press, New Haven.Google Scholar
Margulis, L. (1974) The classification and evolution of prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In Handbook of Genetics (Edited by King, R. C.), Vol. 1, pp. 141. Plenum Press, New York.Google Scholar
Margulis, L. and Schwartz, K. V. (1982) Five Kingdoms: An Illustrated Guide to the Phyla of Life on Earth, p. 339. W. H. Freeman, San Francisco.Google Scholar
Mattox, K. R. and Stewart, K. D. (1984) Classification of the green algae: a concept based on comparative cytology. In Systematics of the Green Algae (Systematics Association Special Volume No. 27) (Edited by Irvine, D. E. G. and John, D. M.), pp. 2972. Academic Press, London.Google Scholar
Melkonian, M. (1984) Flagellar apparatus ultrastructure in relation to green algal classification. In Systematics of the Green Algae (Systematics Association Special Volume No. 27) (Edited by Irvine, D. E. G. and John, D. M.), pp. 73120. Academic Press, London.Google Scholar
Merinfeld, E. G. (1981) Phylogenetic relationships among the Actinopoda. In Proceedings of the VI International Congress on Protozoology, Warsaw, July 1981, Progress in Protozoology, p. 244.Google Scholar
Moestrup, ø. (1982) Flagellar structure in algae: a review with new observations particularly on the Chrysophyceae, Phaeophyceae (Fucophyceae), Euglenophyceae, and Reckertia. Phycologia 21, 427528.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Möhn, E. (1984) System und Phylogenie der Lebewesen, 1, Physikalische, Chemisette und Biologische Evolution. Prokaryonta, Eukaryonta (bis Ctenophora), p. 884. E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung (Nagele u. Obermiller), Stuttgart.Google Scholar
Page, F. C. and Blanton, R. J. (1985) The Heterolobosea (Sarcodina, Rhizopoda), a new class uniting the Schizopyrinida and the Acrasidae (Acrasida). Protistologica 21, 121132.Google Scholar
Parker, S. P. (Ed.) (1982) Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms, p. 2398. McGraw—Hill, New York.Google Scholar
Patterson, D. J. (1979) On the organization and classification of the protozoon, Actinophyrs sol Ehrenberg, 1830. Microbios 26, 165208.Google ScholarPubMed
Patterson, D. J. (1985) On the organization and affinities of the amoeba Pompholyxophrys punicea Archer, based on ultrastructural examination of individual cells from wild material. J. Protozool. 32, 241246.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Patterson, D. J. (1986) The fine structure of Opalina ranarum (family Opalinidae): opalinid phytogeny and classification. Protistologica 21 (year 1985), 413428.Google Scholar
Patterson, D. J. and Fenchel, T. (1985) Insights into the evolution of Heliozoa (Protozoa, Sarcodina) as provided by ultrastructural studies on a new species of flagellate from the genus Pteridomonas. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 34, 381403.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Perkins, F. O. (1976) Zoospores of the oyster pathogen, Dermocystidium marinum. I. Fine structure of the conoid and other sporozoan-like organelles. J. Parasit. 62, 959974.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Puytorac, P. de, Grain, J., Legendre, P. and Devaux, J. (1984) Essai d'application de l'analyse phénétique à la classification du phylum des Ciliophora. J. Protozool. 31, 496507.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schenk, H. E. A. and Schwemmler, W. (Eds) (1983) Endocytobiology II. Intracellular Space as Oligogenetic Ecosystem, p. 1071. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schwemmler, W. and Schenk, H. E. A. (Eds) (1980) Endocytobiology: Endosymbiosis and Cell Biology, a Synthesis of Recent Research, p. 1060. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin.Google Scholar
Sleigh, M. A. (1979) Radiation of the eukaryote Protista. In The Origin of Major Invertebrate Groups (Systematic Association Special Vol. 12) (Edited by House, M. R.), pp. 2354. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
Small, E. B. and Lynn, D. H. (1985) Phylum Ciliophora Doflein, 1901. In An Illustrated Guide to the Protozoa (Edited by Lee, J. J., Hutner, S. H. and Bovee, E. C.), pp. 393575. Society of Protozoologists, Lawrence, Kansas.Google Scholar
Smith, R. McK. and Patterson, D. J. (1986) Analyses of heliozoan interrelationships: an example of the potentials and limitations of ultrastructural approaches to the study of protistan phylogeny. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B. In press.Google Scholar
Starobogatov, Y. I. (1984) How many kingdoms are in nature? Znaniye-sila 689, 2326. In Russian.Google Scholar
Tappan, H. (1980) The Paleobiology of Plant Protisls, p. 1028. W. H. Freeman, San Francisco.Google Scholar
Taylor, F. J. R. (1978) Problems in the development of an explicit hypothetical phylogeny of the lower eukaryotes. BioSystems 10, 6789.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Taylor, F. J. R. (1979) Symbionticism revisted: a discussion of the evolutionary impact of intracellular symbioses. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 204, 267286.Google Scholar
Taylor, F. J. R. (1980) The stimulation of cell research by endosymbiotic hypotheses for the origin of eukaryotes. In Endocytobiology: Endosymbiosis and Cell Biology. A Synthesis of Recent Research (Edited by Schwemmler, W. and Schenk, H. E. A.), pp. 917942. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vickerman, K. (1976) The diversity of the kinetoplastid flagellates. In Biology of the Kinetoplastida (Edited by Lumsden, W. H. R. and Evans, D. A.), Vol. 1, pp. 134. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
Vickerman, K. and Preston, T. M. (1976) Comparative cell biology of the kinetoplastid flagellates. In Biology of the Kinetoplastida (Edited by Lumsden, W. H. R. and Evans, D. A.), Vol. 1, pp. 35130. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
Whittaker, R. H. (1969) New concepts of kingdoms of organisms. Science 163, 150160.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whittaker, R. H. (1977) Broad classification: the kingdoms and the protozoans. In Parasitic Protozoa, Vol. 1, Taxonomy, Kinetoplastids, and Flagellates of Fish (Edited by Kreier, J. P.), pp. 134. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
Whittaker, R. H. and Margulis, L. (1978) Protist classification and the kingdoms of organisms. Bio Systems 10, 318.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed