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The mango in French-speaking West Africa: cropping systems and agronomical practices

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 June 2007

Henri Vannière ,
Christian Didier ,
Jean-Yves Rey ,
Thierno Mamadou Diallo ,
Sidiki Kéita  and
Morodjan Sangaré
Henri Vannière
Affiliation:
Cirad, TA B-77/PS4, Blvd de la Lironde, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
Christian Didier
Affiliation:
Cirad, TA B-77/PS4, Blvd de la Lironde, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
Jean-Yves Rey
Affiliation:
Cirad, TA B-77/PS4, Blvd de la Lironde, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
Thierno Mamadou Diallo
Affiliation:
IER, URG, BP 30, Bamako, Mali
Sidiki Kéita
Affiliation:
Irag, CRA Bordo, BP 352, Kankan, Guinée
Morodjan Sangaré
Affiliation:
Irag, CRA Bordo, BP 352, Kankan, Guinée
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Abstract

Introduction. Cropping systems of the mango trees in West Africa are very varied. Each one of them developed in a specific context where the agronomical practices and the varietal composition of the orchards contribute to the diversity observed. The study undertaken should make it possible to better understand the influence of the potential outlets on the evolution of the regional mango production. Principal cropping systems. In the studied area, the main part of the mango orchards has less than 10 ha; their production is extensive and uses few inputs. They belong in majority to growers whose principal activity is centred on agriculture. Certain plantations close to 100 ha, found in Senegal or in Côte.d'ivoire, belong to exporters and profit from a technical assistance. Agronomical practices. The study of the agronomical practices used in mango orchards of West Africa made it possible to analyze the aspects of seedling production, choice of the site, installation of the orchard before plantation, plantation and maintenance of the trees, fire protection, water management, as well as the effect of the export market on the varietal choice and the varietal offer during a harvest campaign. Diseases and enemies. An inventory of the pathological problems and physiological diseases likely to devalue the production were carried out. Marketing. This part made it possible to distinguish intercontinental exports, requiring a specific harvest and conditioning organization, and the local, national and regional markets. Processing. Today, the share of transformed mangos into West Africa uses only one negligible proportion of the total production. Conclusion and prospects. Beside a traditional production which presents signs of brittleness appear modern orchards. More than a necessary intensification of the orchards, a rationalization of the agronomical practices, plant health protection, fruit harvest or handling are impossible to circumvent. Downstream, the export path is confronted with a fast evolution of the exogenous regulations, based on qualitative and sanitary standards increasingly strict.

Keywords

Francophone AfricaMangifera indicacropping systemscultivationplant diseasesmarketingAfrique francophoneMangifera indicasystème de culturepratique culturalemaladie des plantescommercialisation
Type
Research Article
Information
Fruits , Volume 62 , Issue 3 , May 2007 , pp. 187 - 201
Copyright
© CIRAD, EDP Sciences, 2007

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