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Bipolar disorder, cycloid psychosis and schizophrenia: a study using “lifetime” psychopathology ratings, factor analysis and canonical variate analysis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2020

IF Brockington ,
A Roper ,
M Buckley ,
J Copas ,
C Andrade ,
P Wigg ,
A Farmer ,
C Kaufman ,
R Hawley  and
HY Meltzer
IF Brockington
Affiliation:
University of Birmingham, Department of Psychiatry
A Roper
Affiliation:
University of Birmingham, Department of Psychiatry
M Buckley
Affiliation:
University of Birmingham, Department of Psychiatry
J Copas
Affiliation:
School of Mathematics and Statistics, Birmingham
C Andrade
Affiliation:
University of Birmingham, Department of Psychiatry
P Wigg
Affiliation:
University of Birmingham, Department of Psychiatry
A Farmer
Affiliation:
University of Wales School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Cardiff, Wales
R Hawley
Affiliation:
Southmead Health Authority, Bristol, UK
HY Meltzer
Affiliation:
Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Summary

In an empirical study on the classification of the psychoses, 302 patients were rated using the Longitudinal Psychopathology Schedule. The data were condensed by factor analysis, which yielded 10 factors - mania and schizomania, depression and suicidal activity, and 6 factors concerned with psychotic symptoms (verbal hallucinosis/passivity, delusion formation, defect symptoms, social decline, cycloid symptomatology and a factor loading depressive auditory hallucinations and visual hallucinations). Provisional diagnostic groups were obtained using DSM III. Discriminant function analyses showed that the only clearly distinct diagnostic group was bipolar disorder, and this was true for various definitions. Canonical variate analyses were performed using 3- and 4-criterion groups. These showed that a group corresponding approximately to cycloid psychosis also met criteria for being a distinct group. The most detailed examination pf the data, using 4-criterion groups and serial reclassification, suggested that the psychoses might fall into 5 groups - bipolar disorder, cycloid psychosis, depression, defect states and schizoaffective depression.

Keywords

classification of psychosesmultivariate statistical analysisbipolar disordercycloid psychosisschizophreniaschizoaffective disorders
Type
Original article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 6 , Issue 5 , 1991 , pp. 223 - 236
Copyright
Copyright © Elsevier, Paris 1991

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Footnotes

*

Formerly Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, University of Chicago

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