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Miscegenation Madness

Interracial Intimacy and the Politics of ‘Purity’ in Twentieth-Century South Africa

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 September 2024

Sebastian Jackson Open the ORCID record for Sebastian Jackson [Opens in a new window]
Sebastian Jackson*
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Department of Anthropology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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Abstract

In this article, I examine how the fear of miscegenation developed as a raison d’être for the construction and maintenance of apartheid. I argue that despite its efficacy at reproducing racial-caste formations, miscegenation taboo ultimately undermined its own hegemonic mythology by constructing contradictory erotic desires and subjectivities which could neither be governed nor contained. I consider how miscegenation fears and fantasies were debated in public discourse, enacted into law, institutionalized through draconian policing and punishment practices, culturally entrenched, yet negotiated and resisted through everyday intimacies. While crime statistics show that most incidences of interracial sex involved White men and women of color, the perceived threat to “White purity” was generally represented through images of White women—volks-mothers and daughters—in the Afrikaner nationalist iconography. White women’s wombs symbolized the future of “Whiteness.” This article offers a critique of the prevailing South African “exceptionalism” paradigm in apartheid studies. Detailed analyses of government commission reports (1939, 1984, 1985) and parliamentary debate records (1949) reveal considerable American influence on South Africa’s “petty apartheid” laws, and especially the Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act (1949) and Immorality Amendment Act (1950). While these “cornerstone” policies of apartheid developed from local socio-political conflicts and economic tensions, they were always entangled in global racial formations, rooted in trans-oceanic histories of slavery, dispossession, and segregation. This historical anthropological study of race/sex taboo builds on interdisciplinary literatures in colonial history, sociology, postcolonial studies, literary theory, art history, cultural studies, feminist theory, queer studies, and critical race theory.

Keywords

ApartheidInterracial IntimacySexualityRaceMiscegenationTabooSettler Colonialism
Type
Article
Information
Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race , First View , pp. 1 - 27
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Hutchins Center for African and African American Research

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