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Women's social life and common action in England from the fifteenth century to the eve of the civil war

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 November 2008

R. A. Houlbrooke
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Continuity and Change , Volume 1 , Issue 2 , August 1986 , pp. 171 - 189
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Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1986

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References

ENDNOTES

The first draft of this article was read at the January 1985 Conference of the Social History Society and I am grateful for a number of helpful comments made on that occasion.

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29 Hudson, W. and Tingey, J. C., ed., The records of the city of Norwich (Norwich, 1906–1910), ii, 163–5Google Scholar; reference to a 1528 rising of Norwich women in order to prevent the exportation of grain can be found in Blomefield, F. and Parkin, C., An essay towards a topographical history of the county of Norfolk, 2nd edn. (London, 1805–1810), iii, 198Google Scholar.

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31 Walter, , ‘Grain riots and popular attitudes to the law’, 48–9, 53, 64–77. One of those condemned was reprieved.Google Scholar

32 Judges, , Elizabethan underworld: 146–8.Google Scholar

33 See for example Tail, J., ed., Lancashire quarter sessions records i: Quarter sessions rolls, 1590–1606, Chetham Society, new ser., LXXVII (1917), 207Google Scholar; Jeaffreson, J. C., ed., Middlesex county records i, Middlesex County Record Society i (1886), 98–9, 187Google Scholar; Cockburn, J. S., ed., Calendar of assize records. Hertfordshire indictments, James I (London, 1975), 151.Google Scholar

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35 PRO STAC 3/4/87.

36 PRO STAC 5/A2/34, 5/A14/10. The bill of complaint is missing. Alforde may have been renewing a boundary neglected during long periods when the lords of Hitcham had been minors. See Page, W., ed., Victoria county history of Buckinghamshire (London, 1905–1928), iii, 232.Google Scholar

37 PRO STAC 5/A2/18, 5/A29/20; Gardiner, S. R., ed., Reports of cases in the courts of Star Chamber and High Commission, Camden Society, new ser. xxxix (1886), 59–65.Google Scholar

38 PRO STAC 8/32/10.

39 McCall, H. B., ed., Yorkshire Star Chamber proceedings, ii, Yorkshire Archaeological Society Record Series, XLV (1911), 90–1Google Scholar; PRO STAC 2/17/277, 4/3/16.

40 Whiting, R., ‘“Abominable Idols”: Images and image-breaking under Henry VIII’, Journal of Ecclesiastical History 33 (1982), 40CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Brewer, Gairdner and Brodie, , Letters and papers: x, 109–10Google Scholar; Emmison, F. G., Elizabethan life: Disorder (Chelmsford, 1970), 106–7.Google Scholar

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42 Davis, N. Z., Society and culture in early modern France (Stanford, 1975), 146.Google Scholar

43 Wiener, C. Z., ‘Is a spinster an unmarried woman?’, The American Journal of Legal History 20 (1976), 27–31CrossRefGoogle Scholar; PRO STAC 2/17/277.

44 Marowe's dictum reads as follows in the original Law French: ‘Si plusours femmez ou enfauntz south lans de discression assemble par eux mesme pur loure propre cause, ceo nest riott. Mes si ascun autre person cause de assembler tile persones de faire tile Riott, en cest cas serra dit vne Riott.’ See Putnam, B. H., Early treatises on the practice of the justices of the peace in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, Oxford Studies in Social and Legal History vii (Oxford, 1924), 115–40, 340 (I am indebted to Dr Mary Prior for guiding me to this book)Google Scholar. Cf. Lambarde, W., Eirenarcha: or the office of the justices of peace (London, 1617), 180Google Scholar. Eirenarcha was first published in 1581.

45 Hawarde, J., Les reportes del cases in camera stellata, 1593, 1609, Baildon, W. P., ed., (London, 1894), 104, 247Google Scholar; cf. Gardiner, , Reports of cases: 64.Google Scholar

46 Brewer, Gairdner and Brodie, , Letters and papers, v, 530.Google Scholar

47 PRO STAC 5/A2/34, 5/A14/10, 5/A29/20, 5/A29/24, 8/42/11, 8/223/7.

48 PRO STAC 2/26/138, 3/4/87, 5/A2/18, 5/A2/34, 5/A14/10, 5/A29/20, 8/32/10, 8/42/11; Brewer, Gairdner and Brodie, , Letters and Papers, x, 109–10.Google Scholar

49 PRO STAC 5/A2/34, 5/A14/10.

50 PRO STAC 5/A14/10.

51 Walter, ‘Grain riots and popular attitudes to the law:’ esp. 72; Hudson, and Tingey, , Records of Norwich, ii, 164.Google Scholar

52 For two contrasting views of disturbances of different types, see James, M. E.,‘Obedience and dissent in Henrician England: the Lincolnshire rebellion 1536’, Past and Present xlviii (1970), 3–78CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Sharp, , In contempt of all authority: 126–7, 133.Google Scholar

53 PRO STAC 5/A29/20, answers of Erne Baite; my italics.